Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are frequently co‐isolated from dental plaque of children with early childhood caries (ECC) and are only rarely found in children without ECC, suggesting that these species interact in a manner that contributes to the pathogenesis of ECC. Previous studies have demonstrated that glucans produced by S. mutans are crucial for promoting the formation of biofilm and cariogenicity with C. albicans; however, it is unclear how non‐glucan S. mutans biofilm factors contribute to increased biofilm formation in the presence of C. albicans. In this study we examined the role of S. mutans antigen I/II in two‐species biofilms with C. albicans, and determined that antigen I/II is important for the incorporation of C. albicans into the two‐species biofilm and is also required for increased acid production. The interaction is independent of the proteins Als1 and Als3, which are known streptococcal receptors of C. albicans. Moreover, antigen I/II is required for the colonization of both S. mutans and C. albicans during co‐infection of Drosophila melanogaster in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrate that antigen I/II mediates the increase of C. albicans numbers and acid production in the two‐species biofilm, representing new activities associated with this known S. mutans adhesin.

中文翻译：

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抗原I / II介导变形链球菌和白色念珠菌之间的相互作用。

变形链球菌和白色念珠菌经常与患有幼儿龋齿（ECC）的儿童的牙菌斑共分离，仅在没有ECC的儿童中很少见，这表明这些物种以有助于ECC发病的方式相互作用。先前的研究表明，变形链球菌产生的葡聚糖对促进白色念珠菌形成生物膜和致龋作用至关重要; 然而，尚不清楚在存在白色念珠菌的情况下，非葡聚糖变形链球菌的生物膜因子如何促进生物膜形成。在这项研究中，我们研究了变形链球菌抗原I / II在两种生物膜中的作用。白色念珠菌，并确定抗原I / II对于将白色念珠菌掺入两种生物膜中很重要，并且对于增加酸产量也是必需的。相互作用独立于蛋白质Als1和Als3，它们是白色念珠菌的链球菌受体。此外，在果蝇果蝇体内共感染期间，变形链球菌和白色念珠菌的定植都需要抗原I / II 。综上所述，这些结果表明抗原I / II介导了两种生物膜中白色念珠菌数量的增加和酸的产生，代表了与这种已知的变形链球菌相关的新活性。 粘附素。