This article deals with intelligence testing conducted at Santiago's Juvenile Court, in Chile, between 1929 and 1942. It is based on an analysis of 56 court records containing psychological or psychopedagogical reports filed by the Section for Observation and Classification at Santiago's House of Juveniles, an institution created in 1929 as part of the Juvenile Protection Law. To understand the purposes for juvenile intelligence testing in this field, several articles published at the time by the key actors involved in these institutions will also be analyzed. The results of this research signal, first, that psychology did indeed play a role in the juvenile justice system by laying the groundwork for the idea that it was necessary to measure and diagnose intelligence. The Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale, developed in France between 1904 and 1911 and adapted for Chile between 1922 and 1925, was systematically administered to juveniles in Santiago's Juvenile Court; the results were deployed as technical-scientific recommendations at the service of the presiding juvenile judge. On the one hand, this instrument, supposedly scientific and objective, helped legitimize the nascent field of psychology. On the other, it emerged as a useful tool in its own right to assess children. Second, the notions of intelligence underpinning these practices, while certainly in debt to the American approaches from which they were appropriated, managed to forge a more balanced stance between nature and nurture, positioning intelligence testing as a way of conceiving of and planning to prevent crime and reeducate juveniles. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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1929-1942年，智利圣地亚哥少年法院对儿童进行犯罪和智力测验。

本文涉及1929年至1942年之间在智利圣地亚哥青少年法院进行的智力测验。它是根据对56份法院记录的分析得出的，这些记录包含了圣地亚哥青少年院观察与分类科提交的心理或心理教育报告。该机构于1929年成立，是《青少年保护法》的一部分。为了了解该领域青少年智力测试的目的，还将分析这些机构中主要参与者当时发表的几篇文章。这项研究的结果首先表明，心理学确实为少年司法系统发挥了作用，因为它为必须测量和诊断智力的想法奠定了基础。Binet-Simon智力量表，于1904年至1911年在法国开发，并于1922年至1925年在智利改编，并由圣地亚哥少年法院系统地管理。研究结果作为技术科学建议被应用到主持审判的少年法官身上。一方面，这种被认为是科学和客观的工具帮助使新生的心理学领域合法化。另一方面，它本身已成为评估儿童的有用工具。其次，作为这些实践基础的情报概念固然属于美国采用它们的方法的借口，但它们设法在自然与养育之间建立了更加平衡的立场，将情报测试定位为构思和计划预防犯罪的一种方式对少年进行再教育。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，