This study assessed the heritability of 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in a large twin cohort and the shared effect of sun exposure and skin colour on 25(OH)D3 variance. Study participants included 1604 twin pairs and their siblings (n = 4020). Twin correlations for 25(OH)D3 concentration were rMZ=0.79 (584 pairs) and rDZ = 0.52 (1020 pairs) consistent with an average h2 = 0.50 throughout the year. Significant phenotypic and genetic seasonal fluctuation was observed in 25(OH)D3 concentrations with heritability decreasing during the winter (h2 = 0.37) compared to summer (h2 = 0.62). Skin colour (measured both ordinally and quantitatively) and self-reported sun exposure were found to significantly affect 25(OH)D3 concentration. Twins with olive/dark skin had significantly lower 25(OH)D3 concentrations than those with fair/pale skin and multivariate genetic analysis showed that approximately half of the total additive genetic variation in 25(OH)D3 results from genes whose primary influence is on skin colour and sun exposure. Additionally, 37% of the total variance was attributed to shared environmental effects on vitamin D, skin colour and sun exposure measures. These results support a moderate estimate of vitamin D heritability and suggest significant influence of season, skin colour and sun exposure on the genetic variance.

中文翻译：

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维生素D浓度的遗传变异中有一半与肤色和日晒基因共享。

这项研究评估了一个大型双生子队列中25羟基维生素D3（25（OH）D3）的遗传力，以及阳光和皮肤颜色对25（OH）D3方差的共同影响。研究参与者包括1604对双胞胎及其兄弟姐妹（n = 4020）。25（OH）D3浓度的双相关系数为rMZ = 0.79（584对）和rDZ = 0.52（1020对），与全年的平均h2 = 0.50一致。在25（OH）D3浓度下观察到明显的表型和遗传季节性波动，与夏季（h2 = 0.62）相比，冬季（h2 = 0.37）的遗传力下降。发现皮肤颜色（通常和定量测量）和自我报告的日光照射会显着影响25（OH）D3浓度。皮肤为橄榄色/深色皮肤的双胞胎的25（OH）D3浓度明显低于皮肤白皙/苍白的双胞胎，多变量遗传分析表明，25（OH）D3的总加成遗传变异中约有一半来自于主要影响基因的基因。肤色和日晒。此外，总差异的37％归因于共同的环境对维生素D，皮肤颜色和日晒措施的影响。这些结果支持对维生素D遗传力的适度估算，并表明季节，肤色和日光照射对遗传变异具有重大影响。37％的总差异归因于共同的环境影响对维生素D，肤色和日光照射的影响。这些结果支持对维生素D遗传力的适度估算，并表明季节，肤色和日光照射对遗传变异具有重大影响。37％的总差异归因于共同的环境影响对维生素D，肤色和日光照射的影响。这些结果支持对维生素D遗传力的适度估算，并表明季节，肤色和日光照射对遗传变异具有重大影响。