Better characterization of the sources of phenotypic variation in human behavioural traits-stemming from genetic and environmental influences-will allow for more informed decisions about how to approach a range of challenges arising from variation, ranging from societal issues to the treatment of diseases. In particular, understanding how the environment moderates genetic influence on phenotypes (i.e., genotype-environment interactions, or G × E) is a central component of the behavioral sciences. Yet, understanding of this phenomenon is lagging somewhat, due in part to the difficulties of detecting G × E. We discuss the logic behind one of the primary ways to detect G × E: comparing heritability estimates across environments. Then, we highlight some pitfalls, with an emphasis on how very strong G × E can sometimes be undetectable using this method when high heritability is present in multiple environments. We conclude by forwarding some initial, yet tentative, suggestions for how best to address to the problem.

中文翻译：

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在行为研究中使用遗传力估计值的变化作为G×E的检验：简要研究笔记。

更好地表征人类行为特征的表型变异来源（受遗传和环境影响），将使人们能够做出更明智的决定，以应对来自社会问题到疾病治疗等各种变异带来的挑战。尤其是，了解环境如何缓解遗传对表型的影响（即基因型与环境的相互作用或G×E）是行为科学的重要组成部分。但是，对这种现象的理解有些滞后，部分是由于检测G×E的困难。我们讨论了检测G×E的一种主要方法背后的逻辑：比较整个环境的遗传力估计值。然后，我们强调一些陷阱，着重强调了当在多个环境中存在高遗传力时，使用此方法有时无法检测到非常强的G×E的情况。最后，我们就如何最好地解决该问题提出了一些初步但初步的建议。