OBJECTIVE Racial discrimination is a stressor that may put African Americans at risk for alcohol use and related problems. We examined whether experiences of blatant (racist events) and subtle (racial microaggressions) forms of racial discrimination were associated with alcohol consumption and alcohol problems among African American young adults, and whether childhood/adolescence racial socialization by parents and friends moderated these associations. METHOD The sample included 383 African American young adults (Mage = 20.65, SD = 2.28; 81% female) who completed an electronic survey in Fall, 2017. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted in Mplus. RESULTS Experiences of racist events and racial microaggressions were associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption and more alcohol problems. Racial socialization by friends, but not parents, moderated these associations. Specifically, cultural socialization by friends buffered the effect of racist events on alcohol consumption and alcohol problems, whereas promotion of mistrust by friends exacerbated the effect of racial microaggressions on alcohol problems. CONCLUSIONS Both blatant and subtle forms of racial discrimination were associated with higher risk for alcohol use or problems among African American young adults. Racial socialization by friends while growing up may play an important role in alcohol use outcomes during young adulthood. Findings highlight the importance of considering different forms of racial discrimination and emphasize the unique roles of racial socialization across different social contexts (i.e., parent and peers or friends) in relation to psychosocial outcomes among African American individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

非洲裔美国年轻人中的种族歧视和酗酒问题：研究父母和朋友对种族社会化的调节作用。

目的种族歧视是一种压力源，可能使非洲裔美国人处于饮酒和相关问题的危险中。我们检查了非裔（种族主义事件）和微妙（种族微侵略）形式的种族歧视的经历是否与非洲裔美国年轻人中的饮酒和酒精问题相关，以及父母和朋友的童年/青春期种族社会化是否主持了这些关联。方法该样本包括383名非洲裔美国年轻人（法师= 20.65，SD = 2.28； 81％女性），他们于2017年秋季完成了电子调查。在Mplus中进行了分层线性回归分析。结果种族主义事件和种族微侵略的经历与较高的饮酒量和更多的酒精问题有关。朋友的种族社交，但父母却没有主持这些协会。具体而言，朋友的文化社会化缓冲了种族主义事件对饮酒和酗酒问题的影响，而朋友之间不信任的加剧加剧了种族微侵略对酗酒问题的影响。结论种族歧视的公然和微妙形式均与非裔美国年轻人中较高的饮酒风险或问题相关。成长过程中朋友之间的种族社交可能在成年后的饮酒结果中起重要作用。调查结果强调了考虑不同形式的种族歧视的重要性，并强调了种族社会化在不同社会背景下的独特作用（即，父母和同伴或朋友）与非裔美国人个人的社会心理结果有关。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。