To understand how economic downturns affect children's development, scholars have concentrated on how parents’ loss of a job affects children's well‐being, but have largely ignored the potential effects of downturns on children whose parents remain employed. In this article, we review research across disciplines to demonstrate that economic downturns should be conceptualized as a community‐level event that affects all children in a community, not just those whose parents have lost jobs. We focus on three mechanisms linking downturns to children's developmental outcomes: structural changes to communities, the economic and psychological effects on individuals who are continuously employed, and the strain of job loss on social networks. We conclude by discussing ongoing research and looking at implications for public policy.

中文翻译：

---

经济不景气如何影响儿童的发展：影响途径的跨学科视角。

为了了解经济不景气如何影响儿童的成长，学者们集中研究了父母失业导致儿童福祉的方法，但很大程度上忽略了经济不景气对父母继续工作的孩子的潜在影响。在本文中，我们回顾了跨学科的研究，以表明经济低迷应该被概念化为一个社区级的事件，该事件影响社区中的所有孩子，而不仅仅是父母失业的孩子。我们专注于将低迷时期与儿童的发展成果联系起来的三种机制：社区的结构变化，对持续就业的个体的经济和心理影响以及社交网络上的工作流失压力。最后，我们讨论正在进行的研究并探讨对公共政策的影响。