Technology has drastically reshaped the workplace over the past decades. While it provides organizations and their employees a variety of benefits, there is also a growing perception that technological advancements (e.g., the evolution from telephone to smartphone) in the workplace may have a negative impact on employees’ mental health. Using a diary approach, we examined the direct effect of workplace telepressure during off-job hours on psychological detachment from work and the potential mediating role of work-related smartphone use during off-job hours in this relation. In addition, employees’ individual differences in empathy was proposed to act as a cross-level moderator of the relation between workplace telepressure and work-related smartphone use. A sample of 80 employees, representing a wide range of occupations and organizations, completed a daily survey on five successive workdays (N = 337–400 day-level observations). Results of multilevel analyses yielded no direct effect of workplace telepressure on psychological detachment on a day-to-day basis. Yet, the results supported a negative indirect effect of daily workplace telepressure during off-job hours on daily psychological detachment, mediated via daily work-related smartphone use during off-job hours. Additionally, the relation between workplace telepressure and work-related smartphone use was not strengthened by the affective component nor the cognitive component of other-oriented empathy. Our study highlights the importance of a clear organizational policy regarding work-related smartphone use during off-job hours and provides valuable input for strategies aiming to ameliorate employees’ psychological detachment and proper smartphone use.

中文翻译：

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超脱工作：关于远程压力、智能手机使用和同理心的日记研究

在过去的几十年里，技术彻底改变了工作场所。虽然它为组织及其员工提供了各种好处，但也有越来越多的人认为工作场所的技术进步（例如，从电话到智能手机的演变）可能会对员工的心理健康产生负面影响。使用日记方法，我们研究了下班时间工作场所远程压力对工作心理疏离的直接影响，以及下班时间使用与工作相关的智能手机在这种关系中的潜在中介作用。此外，员工在同理心方面的个体差异被提议作为工作场所远程压力和与工作相关的智能手机使用之间关系的跨级别调节器。80 名员工的样本，代表了广泛的职业和组织，完成了连续五个工作日的每日调查（N = 337-400 天级观察）。多层次分析的结果没有产生日常工作场所远程压力对心理超脱的直接影响。然而，结果支持下班时间的日常工作场所远程压力对日常心理疏离的负面间接影响，通过下班时间与日常工作相关的智能手机使用来调节。此外，工作场所远程压力和与工作相关的智能手机使用之间的关系并没有被他人导向的同理心的情感成分和认知成分加强。