During cell proliferation, the genome is constantly threatened by cellular and external factors. When the DNA is damaged, or when its faithful duplication is delayed by DNA polymerase stalling, the cells induce a coordinated response termed the DNA damage response (DDR) or checkpoint. Elg1 forms an RFC-like complex in charge of unloading the DNA polymerase processively factor PCNA during DNA replication and DNA repair. Using checkpoint-inducible strains, a recently published paper (Sau et al. in mBio 10(3):e01159-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01159-19, 2019) uncovered a role for Elg1 in eliciting the DNA damage checkpoint (DC), one of the branches of the DDR. The apical kinase Mec1/ATR phosphorylates Elg1, as well as the adaptor proteins Rad9/53BP1 and Dpb11/TopBP1, which are recruited to the site of DNA damage to amplify the checkpoint signal. In the absence of Elg1, Rad9 and Dpb11 are recruited but fail to be phosphorylated and the signal is therefore not amplified. Thus, Elg1 appears to coordinate DNA repair and the induction of the DNA damage checkpoint.

中文翻译：

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酵母PCNA卸荷子Elg1在引发DNA损伤检查点中的作用。

在细胞增殖期间，基因组不断受到细胞和外部因素的威胁。当DNA受损时，或由于DNA聚合酶停滞而延迟了其忠实的复制时，细胞会诱导一种称为DNA损伤反应（DDR）或检查点的协同反应。Elg1形成一个类似RFC的复合体，负责在DNA复制和DNA修复过程中将DNA聚合酶逐步分解为PCNA。使用检查点可诱导的菌株，最近发表的论文（Sau等人在mBio 10（3）：e01159-19.https：//doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01159-19,2019）中发现了Elg1在引发DNA损伤检查点（DC），即DDR的分支之一。顶端激酶Mec1 / ATR磷酸化Elg1以及衔接蛋白Rad9 / 53BP1和Dpb11 / TopBP1，后者被募集到DNA损伤部位以放大检查点信号。在没有Elg1的情况下，募集到Rad9和Dpb11，但是磷酸化失败，因此信号未放大。因此，Elg1似乎可以协调DNA修复和DNA损伤检查点的诱导。