Abstract Rationale: The placenta membranacea (PM) is a rare type of placental abnormality, which is associated with placenta previa, antepartum hemorrhage (APH), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), chorioamnionitis, fetal growth restriction (FGR), preterm birth even stillbirth. The purpose of this case report is to summarize the characteristics and analyze the relevant factors of PM. Patients concerns: Repetitive B-ultrasound of the first patient demonstrated a thin placenta covering the most part of uterine wall, which completely covers the internal cervical ostium for 22 weeks. B-ultrasound of the second patient showed placenta partially covering the internal cervical ostium and fetus small for gestation age for 23 days. The third patient complained of abdominal pain and vaginal discharge for 1 day. Diagnoses: Diagnosis of PM is based on Doppler ultrasound apparatus, and confirmed by pathology. Interventions and Outcomes: In the first patient, elective cesarean section was performed. The second patient required termination of pregnancy due to poor postnatal outcome. The third patient underwent intrauterine fetal death. Of these 3 cases, one delivered a term fetus by cesarean section complicated with placenta previa and placenta accreta, one terminated the pregnancy because of serious fetal growth retardation, and the other underwent intrauterine fetal death. Lessons: High-resolution color Doppler ultrasound apparatus can improve the diagnostic accuracy, and close antenatal surveillance followed by proper arrangement of delivery may improve neonatal outcomes.

中文翻译：

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胎盘

摘要 理由：胎盘膜（PM）是一种罕见的胎盘异常，与前置胎盘、产前出血（APH）、产后出血（PPH）、绒毛膜羊膜炎、胎儿生长受限（FGR）、早产甚至死产有关。本病例报告旨在总结PM的特点并分析其相关因素。患者关注：第1例患者B超重复示胎盘薄，覆盖大部分子宫壁，完全覆盖宫颈内口22周。第二例患者B超显示胎盘部分覆盖宫颈内口和小于胎龄的胎儿23天。第三位患者主诉腹痛和白带1天。诊断：PM的诊断基于多普勒超声仪，并经病理学证实。干预和结果：在第一例患者中，进行了择期剖宫产。第二名患者因产后结局不佳而需要终止妊娠。第三名患者经历了宫内胎儿死亡。3例中，1例剖宫产足月胎儿合并前置胎盘和胎盘植入，1例因胎儿严重发育迟缓终止妊娠，1例宫内死胎。经验教训：高分辨率彩色多普勒超声仪可以提高诊断准确性，密切的产前监测以及适当的分娩安排可能会改善新生儿结局。进行了择期剖宫产。第二名患者因产后结局不佳而需要终止妊娠。第三名患者经历了宫内胎儿死亡。3例中，1例剖宫产足月胎儿合并前置胎盘和胎盘植入，1例因胎儿严重发育迟缓终止妊娠，1例宫内死胎。经验教训：高分辨率彩色多普勒超声仪可以提高诊断准确性，密切的产前监测以及适当的分娩安排可能会改善新生儿结局。进行了择期剖宫产。第二名患者因产后结局不佳而需要终止妊娠。第三名患者经历了宫内胎儿死亡。3例中，1例剖宫产足月胎儿合并前置胎盘和胎盘植入，1例因胎儿严重发育迟缓终止妊娠，1例宫内死胎。经验教训：高分辨率彩色多普勒超声仪可以提高诊断准确性，密切的产前监测以及适当的分娩安排可能会改善新生儿结局。1例剖宫产术合并前置胎盘和胎盘植入，1例胎儿严重发育迟缓终止妊娠，1例宫内死胎。经验教训：高分辨率彩色多普勒超声仪可以提高诊断准确性，密切的产前监测以及适当的分娩安排可能会改善新生儿结局。1例剖宫产术合并前置胎盘和胎盘植入，1例胎儿严重发育迟缓终止妊娠，1例宫内死胎。经验教训：高分辨率彩色多普勒超声仪可以提高诊断准确性，密切的产前监测以及适当的分娩安排可能会改善新生儿结局。