Background: In Poland, 45 higher education institutions offer degrees in dietetics. However, only 20 of these offer nutrigenomics or nutrigenetics courses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the current state of nutrigenomic education in Poland and to evaluate the level of nutrigenomic knowledge held by dieticians. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed to examine the self-reported attitudes of 193 dietetics students and dietetics professionals who graduated from 33 Polish higher-level institutions. Results: The great majority of respondents were familiar with nutrigenomics and had a positive attitude to it, and this attitude was independent of whether they participated in nutrigenomics courses. Sixty-six percent of the respondents had received training in nutrigenomics, but nutrigenomic education did not meet the expectations of 57% of dieticians. Dieticians possess low levels of self-reported knowledge of nutrigenomics, and only about 15% of respondents know how to effectively communicate information on genetic risk to patients and understand the effect of nutrients on molecular mechanisms. Despite this lack of knowledge, 59% of respondents had a positive attitude to nutrigenomics, and 63% of them had a great interest in broadening their knowledge. Subjects who had participated in nutrigenomics courses exhibited a better understanding of several areas of nutrigenomics. They were especially interested in practical aspects of nutrigenomics, such as the essence of personalized diets and the practical application of nutrigenomics. Conclusions: In conclusion, Polish dieticians have a positive attitude to nutrigenomics but do not perceive themselves as well educated in this field, which is partly due to systemic problems. The study shows the need for improvements in nutrigenomic education in Poland.

中文翻译：

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波兰的营养基因组学教育状况

背景：在波兰，45 所高等教育机构提供营养学学位。然而，其中只有 20 个提供营养基因组学或营养遗传学课程。目的：本研究的目的是评估波兰营养基因组学教育的现状，并评估营养师所掌握的营养基因组学知识水平。方法：进行横断面调查以检查 193 名毕业于 33 所波兰高等院校的营养学学生和营养学专业人士的自我报告态度。结果：绝大多数受访者熟悉营养基因组学并对其持积极态度，这种态度与他们是否参加过营养基因组学课程无关。66% 的受访者接受过营养基因组学培训，但营养基因组学教育没有达到 57% 的营养师的期望。营养师自我报告的营养基因组学知识水平较低，只有约 15% 的受访者知道如何有效地向患者传达有关遗传风险的信息，并了解营养素对分子机制的影响。尽管缺乏知识，但仍有 59% 的受访者对营养基因组学持积极态度，其中 63% 的受访者对拓宽知识非常感兴趣。参加过营养基因组学课程的受试者对营养基因组学的几个领域有更好的理解。他们对营养基因组学的实践方面特别感兴趣，例如个性化饮食的本质和营养基因组学的实际应用。结论：总之，波兰营养师对营养基因组学持积极态度，但不认为自己在该领域受过良好教育，部分原因是系统性问题。该研究表明，波兰需要改进营养基因组学教育。