Wnt signaling, canonical or non-canonical, plays conserved roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. However, it is well beyond the scope of this review to cover all functional aspects of Wnt signaling in different contexts at reasonable depth; therefore this review intends to cover only the roles of Wnt signaling in bone biology; more specifically, we intend to first update the roles of Wnt signaling in physiological bone process, including in osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, since recent years have witnessed tremendous progressions in this area, and then we seek to extend our understanding to the pathological bone process, especially to the heterotopic ossification (HO), even though the understanding of Wnt signaling in HO has been limited. We then further clarify the potential crosstalking between Wnt and other conserved signaling pathways, including FGF, GPCR and Hif1α pathways. Overall, our goal is to update the progressions, identify the general theme and the knowledge gaps and discuss the potential promising avenue for future applications in HO prevention and treatment.

中文翻译：

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Wnt信号在生理和病理性骨形成中。

典型或非典型的Wnt信号在许多生理和病理过程中起保守作用。但是，以合理的深度涵盖Wnt信号在不同上下文中的所有功能方面远远超出了本文的范围。因此，本综述仅涵盖Wnt信号在骨生物学中的作用；更具体地说，由于近年来目睹了Wnt信号在该领域的巨大进展，因此我们打算首先更新Wnt信号在生理性骨过程中的作用，包括在成骨和软骨形成中的巨大进展，然后我们寻求将我们的理解扩展到病理性骨过程，尤其是尽管对HO中Wnt信号的理解受到了限制，但本文仍将其归为异位骨化（HO）。然后，我们进一步阐明Wnt与其他保守的信号传导途径（包括FGF，GPCR和Hif1α途径）之间的潜在串扰。总体而言，我们的目标是更新研究进展，确定总体主题和知识差距，并讨论将来在HO预防和治疗中的潜在应用前景。