This study was performed to determine morphological, densitometric, mechanical, and elemental characteristics of maxillary teeth in 5-month-old Polish Merino sheep. The total tooth volume (Tvol) was determined using quantitative computed tomography. Micro-computed tomography was used to determine the total enamel volume (Evol), volumetric enamel mineral density, total dentine volume (Dvol), volumetric dentine mineral density, and total tooth enamel and dentine volume (EDvol). Compression testing was used to determine the ultimate force of teeth. Microhardness of enamel and dentine was evaluated using Vicker’s test. Elemental analysis of enamel and dentine was performed using a scanning electron microscopy technique. Tooth weight, length, Tvol, Evol, Dvol, and EDvol increased consequently from the lowest values for p2, then for p3 and p4, to the highest values obtained for M1 (all p < 0.05). Ultimate force reached the lowest value for p2 compared with the other teeth (p < 0.05). The comparison of left and right teeth did not reveal significant differences for all the evaluated parameters (p > 0.05). Volumetric mineral density, calcium and phosphorus content, and microhardness were higher in enamel than in dentine, while the opposite results were obtained for magnesium and oxygen (all p < 0.05). Significantly higher enamel microhardness was found in mandibular i1 compared with maxillary and mandibular premolars (p < 0.05). The elaborated experimental model of the determination of maxillary deciduous teeth traits may serve for further studies on the effects of physiological, pathological, environmental, nutritional, pharmacological, and toxicological factors affecting tooth development and mineralized tissue properties.

中文翻译：

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5 个月大的波兰美利奴绵羊上颌牙齿的形态测量、密度测量和机械特性

本研究旨在确定 5 个月大的波兰美利奴绵羊上颌牙齿的形态、密度、机械和元素特征。使用定量计算机断层扫描确定总牙齿体积 (Tvol)。使用显微计算机断层扫描来确定牙釉质总体积（Evol）、牙釉质体积矿物质密度、牙本质总体积（Dvol）、牙本质体积矿物质密度以及牙釉质和牙本质总体积（EDvol）。压缩测试用于确定牙齿的极限力。使用 Vicker 测试评估牙釉质和牙本质的显微硬度。使用扫描电子显微镜技术对牙釉质和牙本质进行元素分析。牙齿重量、长度、Tvol、Evol、Dvol 和 EDvol 从 p2 的最低值开始增加，然后是 p3 和 p4，到 M1 获得的最高值（所有 p < 0.05）。与其他牙齿相比，最终力达到了 p2 的最低值 (p < 0.05)。左右牙的比较并未显示所有评估参数的显着差异（p > 0.05）。牙釉质的体积矿物密度、钙和磷含量以及显微硬度高于牙本质，而镁和氧的结果相反（所有 p < 0.05）。与上颌和下颌前磨牙相比，下颌 i1 的牙釉质显微硬度显着更高（p < 0.05）。上颌乳牙性状测定的详细实验模型可用于进一步研究生理、病理、环境、营养、药理、