A recent review of Cochrane meta-analyses on psychosocial interventions (PIs) concludes that clinical trials fail to confirm PIs effective for all types of dementia at every stage of the disease. This article describes how and to what extent it is necessary to identify treatment indications when researching PIs and employing them in clinical practice. Twelve Cochrane reviews on PIs for people with dementia, selected because of their systematic methodology, were searched to identify outcomes related to treatment indications (dosage, type of dementia, severity…). The authors identified several research and practice issues that related to treatment indications: sample profiling, hypothesizing and statistical interpretation, external validity, effectiveness of interventions, contraindications and limits of interventions, and tailoring. Developing an effective PI requires empirical, developmental, exploratory, and confirmatory development stages to achieve credibility and robustness.

中文翻译：

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痴呆症患者心理社会干预的临床实践和应用研究的治疗指征。


最近对心理社会干预 (PI) 的 Cochrane 荟萃分析的回顾得出的结论是，临床试验未能证实 PI 对疾病各个阶段的所有类型的痴呆症均有效。本文介绍了在研究 PI 并将其应用于临床实践时，如何以及在多大程度上需要确定治疗适应症。检索了 12 篇关于痴呆症患者 PI 的 Cochrane 综述（因其系统方法而被选择），以确定与治疗适应症相关的结果（剂量、痴呆类型、严重程度……）。作者确定了与治疗适应症相关的几个研究和实践问题：样本分析、假设和统计解释、外部有效性、干预措施的有效性、干预措施的禁忌症和限制以及定制。开发有效的 PI 需要经历经验性、发展性、探索性和验证性的开发阶段，以实现可信性和稳健性。