Breeding system, sexual system, temporal variation in sex expression and herkogamy were evaluated in seven herbaceous-shrubby communities from the Gran Sabana Plateau, Venezuela. This analysis was conducted considering the life form, substrate type, succulence, carbon metabolism, nutritional relation, successional stage, pollination system specificity and endemism of plant species. Of the 348 plant species studied, 73.8 % were hermaphrodite, 16.9 % were monoecious and 9.2 % were dioecious. Plant sexual systems such as dichogamy and herkogamy were associated with life form, nutritional relations, carbon metabolism and pollination systems. Most species were adichogamous, followed by protandrous and protogynous. Protandry was high for perennial herbs, annual herbs and trees, and protogyny was most frequent in perennial herbs. Protandrous and protogynous species were frequently anemophilous. Herkogamy was higher than non-herkogamy. Herkogamy was higher for trees, shrubs and liana; higher in monophilous and lower in anemophilous species. Most of the hermaphrodites were herkogamous and adichogamous species. In contrast, monoecy were commonly perennial herb and dichogamous species and frequently associated with anemophily. Dioecious species were trees and shrubs and with polyphilous pollination. Dioecy was the most frequent sexual system for endemic species. Hermaphrodite species were similarly distributed across plant communities. Monoecy was slightly higher for savanna and fallow than the other communities, and dioecy was higher for shrublands and secondary bushland. Most plant species were non-agamospermous, non-spontaneous self-pollinated and xenogamous. Partially self-incompatible dominated, followed by self-incompatible, partially cross-incompatible and the lowest frequency corresponded to cross-incompatible species. All these results are discussed in the context of evolutionary and ecological trends.

中文翻译：

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委内瑞拉大萨瓦纳高原草皮灌木社区的近交和近交策略。

在委内瑞拉大萨瓦纳高原的七个草本灌木群落中评估了繁殖系统，性系统，性别表达的时空变异和雌雄同体。进行该分析时考虑了植物物种的生命形式，底物类型，多汁，碳代谢，营养关系，演替阶段，授粉系统特异性和地方性。在研究的348种植物中，雌雄同体占73.8％，雌雄同体占16.9％，雌雄异体占9.2％。双性配偶和性配偶等植物性系统与生命形式，营养关系，碳代谢和授粉系统有关。多数种类是排卵的，其次是原球藻和原生动物。多年生草本植物，一年生草本植物和树木中Protandry含量很高，多年生草本植物中单性生殖最常见。属原种和原雌性种常有厌氧性。Herkogamy高于非herkogamy。Herkogamy的树木，灌木和藤本植物较高。单亲性较高，而厌氧性较低。多数雌雄同体是异性和异种的。相比之下，雌雄异株通常是多年生草本和双歧种，并经常与嗜气有关。雌雄异体的物种是树木和灌木，并具有多性授粉。雌雄异株是地方性物种最常见的性系统。雌雄同体物种在植物群落中的分布相似。稀树草原和休耕地的单性恋比其他社区略高，灌木丛和次生灌木丛的雌雄异株性较高。大多数植物物种是非无生殖的，非自发的自花授粉和异种。部分自我不兼容占主导地位，其次是自我不兼容，部分交叉不兼容，最低频率对应于交叉不兼容的物种。所有这些结果都在进化和生态趋势的背景下进行了讨论。