ABSTRACT:Under the salvage paradigm of Americanist anthropology during the early twentieth century, researchers gathered up all the evidence of groups under study—probing subjective experience, fixing elusive gestures, surveying cultures more globally and thoroughly than ever before. Fears about the widespread loss of "world" cultures motivated a variety of efforts to collect the most fleeting phenomena—dreams, rituals, rhythm, even the "life" of language. This article investigates the tension between ephemerality and preservation through two case studies of Americanist sound archiving: Indiana University's Archives of the Languages of the World, and the personal archive of Ishi (1861–1917), a Yahi speaker who became famous as the "last wild Indian." We emphasize the latent potential of recorded sound to speak across time as the basis of cultural and linguistic revitalization. We show how recordings make up a cycle of suppression and emergence—fueled by the technologies of preservation, storage, and analysis.

中文翻译：

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Archiving Endangerment, Endangered Archives: Journeys through the Sound Archives of Americanist Anthropology and Linguistics, 1911–2016

摘要：在 20 世纪初美国主义人类学的救助范式下，研究人员收集了所有被研究群体的证据——探索主观经验、修正难以捉摸的手势、比以往任何时候都更全面、更彻底地调查文化。对“世界”文化普遍消失的恐惧促使人们做出各种努力来收集最短暂的现象——梦想、仪式、节奏，甚至语言的“生命”。本文通过美国主义声音档案的两个案例研究来探讨短暂性和保存之间的紧张关系：印第安纳大学的世界语言档案，以及 Ishi（1861-1917）的个人档案，他是一位以“最后一个”而闻名的 Yahi 演讲者。狂野的印度人。” 我们强调录制的声音作为文化和语言复兴的基础，具有跨越时间说话的潜在潜力。我们展示了录音如何构成一个抑制和出现的循环——由保存、存储和分析技术推动。