OBJECTIVES Hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) are due to idiopathic hypomineralisation that affects from 1- to 4-s primary molars, and its aetiology remains unclear. Our objective was to systematically review studies in which the investigators had studied the association between HSPM and drug use during pregnancy and the first year of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search for publications until July 2018 was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. No restrictions were placed on year of publication. The PECO Question was as follows: P, children exposed to drugs during pregnancy and the first year of life; E, drugs to which mothers, during pregnancy and their offspring were exposed; C, control groups from studies with the same characteristics not exposed to drugs during pregnancy and the first year of life; and O, relationship between drug exposure during pregnancy and the first year of life and HSPM. Two reviewers extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria. RESULTS We initially identified 986 articles, or which seven were selected for review: two case-control studies, one cross-sectional studies and four cohort studies. Four studies reported data on drug consumption during pregnancy and four investigated drug use during the first year of life and the occurrence of enamel defects in primary dentition. CONCLUSIONS There is no clear evidence that the use of drugs during pregnancy and during the first year of life is associated with HSPM. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Determining the etiological factors related to the development of HSPM would help to establish preventive protocols in patients at potential risk. As HSPM is predictive of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), the application of preventive protocols would avoid complications in both the primary and permanent dentition.

中文翻译：

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第二原发性磨牙低矿物质化和在怀孕和婴儿期使用的药物。系统的审查。

目的低矿化的第二主磨牙（HSPM）是由于特发性矿化作用低下而导致的，其影响范围为1-s至4-s主磨牙，其病因仍不清楚。我们的目标是系统地回顾研究，研究人员研究了孕期和生命的第一年中HSPM与药物使用之间的关联。材料和方法根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明，对截至2018年7月的出版物进行了系统的检索。出版年份没有任何限制。PECO问题如下：P，怀孕和生后第一年接触毒品的儿童；E，母亲在怀孕期间及其后代接触过的药物；C，来自具有相同特征的研究的对照组，在怀孕期间和生命的第一年不接触药物；O，怀孕期间与生命的第一年接触药物和HSPM之间的关系。两名评价者提取数据并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表标准评估偏倚的风险。结果我们最初确定了986篇文章，或选择了7篇进行审查：两项病例对照研究，一项横断面研究和四项队列研究。四项研究报告了怀孕期间的药物消耗数据，四项研究了生命第一年的药物使用情况以及原发性牙列牙釉质缺陷的发生。结论尚无明确证据表明怀孕期间和生命的第一年使用药物与HSPM有关。需要进一步设计良好的前瞻性研究。临床相关性确定与HSPM发生有关的病因，将有助于为处于潜在风险的患者建立预防措施。由于HSPM可以预测磨牙门牙矿化（MIH），因此预防方案的应用将避免原发性和永久性牙列的并发症。