Unpaid work is now a central therapy in Puerto Rican therapeutic communities, where substance users reside and seek to rehabilitate each other, often for years at a time. Once a leading treatment for addiction in mainland United States, therapeutic communities were scaled back in the 1970s after they lost federal endorsement. They continue to flourish in Puerto Rico for reasons that have less to do with their curative powers than with their malleability as multi-purpose social enterprises and their historical co-option by state, market and family actors who have deployed them for a variety of purposes. Their endurance from the 1960s to the neoliberal present obliges us to recognize their capacities as what Mizruchi calls abeyance mechanisms whereby 'surplus' populations, otherwise excluded from labor and home, are absorbed into substitute livelihoods. Having initially emerged as a low-cost treatment, in a context of mass unemployment and prison-overcrowding they now thrive as institutions of containment and informal enterprise.

中文翻译：

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从治疗到遏制再到企业：1961-1993年在波多黎各的治疗社区的民族史。

现在，无偿工作是波多黎各治疗社区的一项中心疗法，吸毒者经常居住在该社区，并试图一次互相恢复。曾经是美国大陆上瘾的主要治疗手段，但在1970年代失去联邦政府认可后，治疗社区的规模有所缩小。他们继续在波多黎各蓬勃发展，其原因与治疗能力无关，而与作为多功能社会企业的可延展性以及由出于各种目的部署它们的州，市场和家庭参与者的历史选择有关。他们从1960年代到新自由主义时代的忍耐力使我们不得不承认他们的能力，这就是Mizruchi所谓的中庸机制，即过剩的人口（否则被排除在劳动和住房之外）被替代生计所吸收。在大规模失业和监狱人满为患的背景下，它们最初是作为低成本的待遇而出现的，如今，它们已成为收容和非正式企业的机构。