Tibetan pigs from the Tibetan Plateau are characterized with a significant phenotypic difference relative to lowland pigs. In this study, a significant difference of the fatness and fatty acid composition traits was observed between the Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs. To uncover the involved mechanism, the expression profile of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and genes was compared between them. After serial filtered steps, 1,964 lncRNAs were obtained through our computational pipeline. In total, 63 and 715 lncRNAs and genes were identified to be differentially expressed. Evidence from cis- and trans-targeting analysis of lncRNAs demonstrated that some lncRNAs, such as MSTRG.14097 and MSTRG.8034, played important roles in the fatness and fatty acid composition traits. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that many candidate genes were responsible for the two traits. Of these, FASN, ACACA, SCD, ME3, PDHB, ACSS1, ACSS2, and ACLY were identified, which functioned in regulating the level of hexadecanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, octadecenoic acid, and monounsaturated fatty acid. And LPGAT1, PDK4, ACAA1, and ADIPOQ were associated with the content of stearic acid, octadecadienoic acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acid. Candidate genes, which were responsible for fatness trait, consisted of FGF2, PLAG1, ADIPOQ, IRX3, MIF, IL-34, ADAM8, HMOX1, Vav1, and TLR8. In addition, association analysis also revealed that 34 and 57 genes significantly correlated to the fatness and fatty acid composition trait, respectively. Working out the mechanism caused by these lncRNAs and candidate genes is proven to be complicated but is invaluable to our understanding of fatness and fatty acid composition traits.

中文翻译：

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鉴定藏猪和约克郡猪之间负责脂肪和脂肪酸组成特征的lncRNA和基因。

与低地猪相比，青藏高原的猪具有明显的表型差异。在这项研究中，在藏猪和约克郡猪之间观察到脂肪和脂肪酸组成特征的显着差异。为了揭示所涉及的机制，将长的非编码RNA（lncRNA）和基因的表达谱进行了比较。经过一系列过滤步骤后，通过我们的计算渠道获得了1,964个lncRNA。总共鉴定出63和715个lncRNA和基因是差异表达的。从证据顺式-和反式-证实lncRNAs靶向分析，一些lncRNAs，如MSTRG.14097和MSTRG.8034，在脂肪和脂肪酸组成特征中起重要作用。生物信息学分析表明，许多候选基因与这两个性状有关。其中，确定了FASN，ACACA，SCD，ME3，PDHB，ACSS1，ACSS2和ACLY，它们在调节十六烷酸，十六烯酸，十八烯酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的水平中起作用。和LPGAT1，PDK4，ACAA1和ADIPOQ与硬脂酸，十八碳二烯酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量有关。负责肥胖性状的候选基因由FGF2，PLAG1，ADIPOQ，IRX3，MIF，IL-34，ADAM8，HMOX1，Vav1和TLR8组成。此外，关联分析还显示34和57个基因分别与脂肪和脂肪酸组成特征显着相关。研究出由这些lncRNA和候选基因引起的机制是复杂的，但对我们对脂肪和脂肪酸组成特征的理解是无价的。