Technical difficulty of an operation is associated with patient and disease characteristics, indicating the necessity for surgeons to exercise patient-specific preparation. Such methods have been shown to be effective in the simulation suite, however, application in a real clinical environment has been sporadic. This systematic review attempts to answer if patient-specific preparation in challenging surgical procedures is feasible. A systematic review of OvidMedline, Embase and all Evidence Based Medicine review databases, was conducted in search of studies who described surgical rehearsals in all specialties. Following the application of defined inclusion and exclusion criteria relevant data were extracted and summarised. Descriptive synthesis was performed for all included studies and meta-analysis of data was applied when possible. Of fourty-nine studies included, thirty-seven were case-series, ten were non-randomised comparative trials and two randomised controlled trials. Accuracy of applied methods ranged from 66.7 to 100% and a good outcome was seen in 60–100% of operations. Meta-analysis of studies comparing rehearsals to real procedures (same patients) showed that simulated procedures were significantly faster than real ones (SMD = −1.56 [−2.19, −0.93] p < 0.00001) but were similar in other outcomes (fluoroscopy time: SMD = −0.1 [−0.63, 0.42] p = 0.7, fluoroscopy volume: SMD = −0.43[−0.97, 0.11], p = 0.12). Meta-analysis of studies comparing pre-operative rehearsals to standard treatment (two distinct groups of patients), demonstrated that real procedures were performed quicker if pre-operative rehearsal took place (SMD = −0.47 [−0.79, −0.16], P = 0.003) but the immediate clinical outcome was similar for practiced and not practiced operations (SMD =0.03[−0.23, 0.29], p = 0.82). Current evidence suggests that patient-specific pre-operative preparation is feasible and safe and decreases operational time.

手术的技术难度与患者和疾病的特征有关，这表明外科医生必须进行针对患者的准备工作。这种方法在模拟套件中已经证明是有效的，但是，在实际临床环境中的应用却很少。该系统评价试图回答在具有挑战性的外科手术中针对患者的特定准备是否可行。对OvidMedline，Embase和所有循证医学文献数据库进行了系统的综述，以寻找描述所有专业的外科彩排的研究。应用定义的纳入和排除标准后，相关数据将被提取和汇总。对所有纳入的研究进行描述性综合，并在可能的情况下进行数据荟萃分析。在包括的49项研究中，有37项为病例系列研究，有10项为非随机比较试验，有2项为随机对照试验。应用方法的准确性在66.7％至100％之间，并且在60％至100％的手术中观察到良好的效果。对彩排与真实程序（相同患者）进行比较的研究的荟萃分析显示，模拟程序比真实程序要快得多（SMD = -1.56 [−2.19，-0.93]p  <0.00001），但其他结果相似（荧光检查时间：SMD = -0.1 [-0.63，0.42] p  = 0.7，荧光检查体积：SMD = -0.43 [-0.97，0.11]，p  = 0.12）。对术前彩排与标准治疗（两组不同的患者）进行比较的研究的荟萃分析表明，如果进行术前彩排，则可以更快地执行实际手术（SMD = -0.47 [-0.79，-0.16]，P = 0.003），但已实施和未实施手术的即时临床结果相似（SMD = 0.03 [-0.23，0.29]，p  = 0.82）。当前的证据表明，针对患者的术前准备是可行且安全的，并减少了手术时间。