Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide. About 70% of PCa patients were diagnosed at later stage, and metastasis has been observed. Additionally, the cure rate of PCa closely relies on the early diagnosis with biomarkers. The identification of biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis is an urgent clinical issue for PCa. Here, we developed a novel scoring strategy, including cluster score (CS) and predicting score (PS), to identify 29 PCa genes (called PCa29) for early diagnostic biomarkers from two datasets in Gene Expression Omnibus. The result indicates that PCa29 can discriminate between normal and tumor tissues and are specific for prostate cancer. To validate PCa29, we found that 97% of PCa29 were consistently significant with these gene expressions in The Cancer Genome Atlas; furthermore, [Formula: see text]70% of PCa29 are consensus to the protein expression in The Human Protein Atlas. Finally, we examined 10 genes in PCa29 on three PCa cell lines by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The experimental results show that the trend of the differential PCa29 expression is consistent with the analyzed results from our novel scoring method. We believe that our method is useful and PCa29 are potential biomarkers that provide the clues to develop targeting therapy for PCa.

中文翻译：

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鉴定 PCA29 基因特征作为前列腺癌的预测因子


前列腺癌（PCa）是全球男性癌症死亡的第二大原因。约70%的PCa患者确诊时已属晚期，并已观察到转移。此外，前列腺癌的治愈率密切依赖于生物标志物的早期诊断。鉴定用于诊断和预后的生物标志物是前列腺癌的一个紧迫的临床问题。在这里，我们开发了一种新颖的评分策略，包括聚类评分 (CS) 和预测评分 (PS)，从 Gene Expression Omnibus 的两个数据集中识别出 29 个 PCa 基因（称为 PCa29）作为早期诊断生物标志物。结果表明PCa29可以区分正常组织和肿瘤组织，并且对前列腺癌具有特异性。为了验证 PCa29，我们发现 97% 的 PCa29 与癌症基因组图谱中的这些基因表达一致显着；此外，[式：见正文]70%的PCa29与The Human Protein Atlas中的蛋白表达一致。最后，我们通过实时定量聚合酶链式反应检测了三种 PCa 细胞系中 PCa29 的 10 个基因。实验结果表明PCa29表达差异的趋势与我们的新评分方法的分析结果一致。我们相信我们的方法是有用的，PCa29 是潜在的生物标志物，为开发 PCa 靶向治疗提供线索。