Background: This study assessed the trend of minimum acceptable dietary practices among children aged 6 to 23 months in India in the past decade. Methods: Data collected in the National Family Health Survey during 2005 to 2006 (NFHS-3) and 2015 to 2016 (NFHS-4) were used. The sample size for this study was 11 727 children for NFHS-3 and 61 158 children for NFHS-4. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to identify the predictors of feeding practices. We analyzed data of last-born singleton children aged 6 to 23 months who were living with their mother (ever-married women aged 15-49 years). Results: In India, a low proportion (10%) of children aged 6 to 23 months received a minimum acceptable diet, and its estimate remained the same in the past 10 years. Older mothers, educated mothers, antenatal care, high economic status, and place of residence were the most consistent predictors of minimum acceptable dietary intake. Over the past decade, however, the minimum acceptable dietary intake has declined among older children (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.70; P < .001), children with overweight mothers (OR = 0.40, 95% CI, 0.31-0·50; P <.001), and children of well-off families (OR = 0.29, 95% CI, 0.23-0.37; P < .001). The odds for minimum acceptable dietary intake were significantly higher among children of high (4+) birth order (OR = 1.74, 95% CI, 1.41-2.15; P < .001), rural areas, and children living in the central, eastern, and north-eastern region. Conclusion: Results indicate the need for further investigations of poor dietary intake among children living in well-off families and in the northern region. This study suggests policymakers and program managers to address contextual barriers against minimum acceptable dietary intake among children and to reconsider existing strategies in India.

中文翻译：

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印度幼儿的膳食充足率：改善还是停滞？来自全国家庭健康调查的调查

背景：本研究评估了过去十年印度 6 至 23 个月儿童的最低可接受饮食习惯趋势。方法：使用了 2005 年至 2006 年（NFHS-3）和 2015 年至 2016 年（NFHS-4）期间在全国家庭健康调查中收集的数据。本研究的样本量为 NFHS-3 的 11 727 名儿童和 NFHS-4 的 61 158 名儿童。进行双变量和多变量分析以确定喂养实践的预测因素。我们分析了与母亲同住的 6 至 23 个月的最后出生的单身儿童（15 至 49 岁的已婚女性）的数据。结果：在印度，低比例 (10%) 的 6 至 23 个月的儿童接受了最低可接受饮食，并且其估计值在过去 10 年中保持不变。年长的母亲，受过教育的母亲，产前保健，经济地位高，和居住地是最低可接受膳食摄入量的最一致预测因素。然而，在过去十年中，年龄较大的儿童（优势比 [OR] = 0.57，95% 置信区间 [CI]，0.47-0.70；P < .001）、母亲超重的儿童（OR = 0.40, 95% CI, 0.31-0·50; P <.001) 和富裕家庭的孩子 (OR = 0.29, 95% CI, 0.23-0.37; P < .001)。在高 (4+) 出生顺序 (OR = 1.74, 95% CI, 1.41-2.15; P < .001)、农村地区和居住在中部、东部的儿童中，最低可接受膳食摄入量的几率显着更高, 和东北地区。结论：结果表明需要进一步调查生活在富裕家庭和北部地区的儿童膳食摄入不足的情况。