This study was designed to investigate the effect of victimization experiences and peer influence on delinquency via one's attitude toward the police. It was hypothesized that negative attitudes toward the police would mediate the prospective relationships between victimization and offending and between peer delinquency and offending. Participants were 2,623 early adolescents from the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study, a 6-wave longitudinal survey conducted between 1995 and 1999. The research design consisted of 2 independent variables (victimization and peer delinquency) measured at Wave 2, 1 mediator variable (negative attitudes toward the police) measured at Wave 3, and 1 dependent variable (participant delinquency) measured at Wave 4. Multiple regression and negative binomial path analyses revealed significant indirect effects running from violent victimization to negative attitudes toward the police to participant delinquency and from peer delinquency to negative attitudes toward the police to participant delinquency. The results of this study indicate that both violent victimization and peer delinquency contribute to participant delinquency, in part, by encouraging the formation of negative attitudes toward the police. It is speculated that violent victimization may increase negative attitudes toward the police by arousing distress and feelings of vulnerability, whereas peer delinquency may increase negative attitudes through instruction, observation, and other forms of social learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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通过对警察的消极态度来预测青少年早期犯罪与刑事受害以及同伴犯罪的关系。

本研究旨在通过一个人对警察的态度来调查受害经历和同伴对犯罪的影响。据推测，对警察的消极态度将调解受害与犯罪之间以及同伴犯罪与犯罪之间的预期关系。参加者是来自帮派抵抗教育与培训（GREAT）研究的2,623名早期青少年，该研究是1995年至1999年之间进行的6浪纵向调查。该研究设计包括2个独立变量（受害和同龄人犯罪），在2浪中进行测量，其中1个为中介在第3浪中测得的变量（对警察的负面态度），在第4浪中测得的1个因变量（参与者犯罪）。多元回归和二项式消极路径分析显示了显着的间接影响，从暴力受害到对警察的负面态度到参与者的犯罪，从同龄人的犯罪到对警察的负面态度到参与者的犯罪。这项研究的结果表明，暴力受害和同伴犯罪都是造成参与者犯罪的部分原因，这是通过鼓励形成对警察的消极态度来实现的。据推测，暴力受害可能通过引起痛苦和脆弱感而增加对警察的消极态度，而同龄人犯罪可能通过指导，观察和其他形式的社会学习而增加消极态度。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。