The gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) algorithm is a contemporary computational biology method which, today, is frequently used to detect small changes in texture that are not visible using conventional techniques. We demonstrate that the toxic compound 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPS) have opposite effects on GLCM features of cell nuclei. Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells were treated with 6-OHDA and IONPs, and imaging with GLCM analysis was performed at three different time points: 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min after the treatment. A total of 200 cell nuclei were analyzed, and for each nucleus, 5 GLCM parameters were calculated: Angular second moment (ASM), Inverse difference moment (IDM), Contrast (CON), Correlation (COR) and Sum Variance (SVAR). Exposure to IONPs was associated with the increase of ASM and IDM while the values of SVAR and COR were reduced. Treatment with 6-OHDA was associated with the increase of SVAR and CON, while the values of nuclear ASM and IDM were reduced. This is the first study to indicate that IONPs and 6-OHDA have opposite effects on nuclear texture. Also, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply the GLCM algorithm in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells in this experimental setting.

中文翻译：

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灰度共生矩阵算法在氧化铁纳米粒子和6-羟基多巴胺暴露后细胞核离散结构变化检测中的应用。

灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）算法是一种当代的计算生物学方法，如今已广泛用于检测传统技术不可见的纹理细微变化。我们证明了有毒的化合物6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）和氧化铁纳米粒子（IONPS）对细胞核的GLCM特征具有相反的影响。用6-OHDA和IONPs处理酿酒酵母酵母细胞，并在处理后30分钟，60分钟和120分钟的三个不同时间点进行GLCM分析成像。分析了总共200个细胞核，并为每个核计算了5个GLCM参数：角秒矩（ASM），反差矩（IDM），对比度（CON），相关（COR）和和方差（SVAR）。暴露于IONPs与ASM和IDM的增加有关，而SVAR和COR的值则减少。用6-OHDA治疗与SVAR和CON的升高有关，而核ASM和IDM的值则降低。这是第一个表明IONP和6-OHDA对核结构具有相反作用的研究。而且，就我们所知，这是在该实验环境中将GLCM算法应用于啤酒酵母酵母细胞的第一项研究。