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Evolutionary journey and characterisation of a novel pan-gene associated with beer strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Yeast ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-28 , DOI: 10.1002/yea.3391
Nikolaos Vakirlis 1 , Chandre Monerawela 1 , Gavin McManus 2 , Orquidea Ribeiro 1 , Aoife McLysaght 1 , Tharappel James 1 , Ursula Bond 1
Affiliation  

The sequencing of over a thousand Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomes revealed a complex pangenome. Over one third of the discovered genes are not present in the S. cerevisiae core genome but instead are often restricted to a subset of yeast isolates and thus may be important for adaptation to specific environmental niches. We refer to these genes as "pan-genes," being part of the pangenome but not the core genome. Here, we describe the evolutionary journey and characterisation of a novel pan-gene, originally named hypothetical (HYPO) open-reading frame. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that HYPO has been predominantly retained in S. cerevisiae strains associated with brewing but has been repeatedly lost in most other fungal species during evolution. There is also evidence that HYPO was horizontally transferred at least once, from S. cerevisiae to Saccharomyces paradoxus. The phylogenetic analysis of HYPO exemplifies the complexity and intricacy of evolutionary trajectories of genes within the S. cerevisiae pangenome. To examine possible functions for Hypo, we overexpressed a HYPO-GFP fusion protein in both S. cerevisiae and Saccharomyces pastorianus. The protein localised to the plasma membrane where it accumulated initially in distinct foci. Time-lapse fluorescent imaging revealed that when cells are grown in wort, Hypo-gfp fluorescence spreads throughout the membrane during cell growth. The overexpression of Hypo-gfp in S. cerevisiae or S. pastorianus strains did not significantly alter cell growth in medium-containing glucose, maltose, maltotriose, or wort at different concentrations.

中文翻译:

与酿酒酵母啤酒菌株相关的新型泛基因的进化历程和表征。

超过一千个酿酒酵母基因组的测序揭示了一个复杂的基因组。超过三分之一的发现基因不存在于啤酒酵母核心基因组中,而是经常限于酵母分离株的子集,因此对于适应特定的环境生态位可能很重要。我们将这些基因称为“泛基因”,是泛基因组的一部分,而不是核心基因组。在这里,我们描述了一种新型泛基因的进化历程和特征,该泛基因最初被称为假设(HYPO)开放阅读框架。系统发育分析表明,HYPO主要保留在与酿造相关的酿酒酵母菌株中,但在进化过程中已在大多数其他真菌物种中反复丢失。也有证据表明,HYPO从S至少水平转移了一次。酿酒酵母。HYPO的系统发育分析例证了酿酒酵母全基因组内基因进化轨迹的复杂性和复杂性。为了检查Hypo的可能功能,我们在酿酒酵母和巴斯德酵母中都过表达了HYPO-GFP融合蛋白。蛋白质定位于质膜,最初聚集在不同的病灶中。延时荧光成像显示,当细胞在麦芽汁中生长时,Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会明显改变含有葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。HYPO的系统发育分析例证了酿酒酵母全基因组内基因进化轨迹的复杂性和复杂性。为了检查Hypo的可能功能,我们在酿酒酵母和巴斯德酵母中都过表达了HYPO-GFP融合蛋白。蛋白质定位于质膜,最初聚集在不同的病灶中。延时荧光成像显示,当细胞在麦芽汁中生长时,Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会明显改变含有葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。HYPO的系统发育分析例证了酿酒酵母全基因组内基因进化轨迹的复杂性和复杂性。为了检查Hypo的可能功能,我们在酿酒酵母和巴斯德酵母中都过表达了HYPO-GFP融合蛋白。蛋白质定位于质膜,最初聚集在不同的病灶中。延时荧光成像显示,当细胞在麦芽汁中生长时,Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会明显改变含有葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。我们在酿酒酵母和巴氏酵母中过表达了HYPO-GFP融合蛋白。蛋白质定位于质膜,最初聚集在不同的病灶中。延时荧光成像显示,当细胞在麦芽汁中生长时,Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会明显改变含有葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。我们在酿酒酵母和巴氏酵母中过表达了HYPO-GFP融合蛋白。蛋白质定位于质膜,最初聚集在不同的病灶中。延时荧光成像显示,当细胞在麦芽汁中生长时,Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会明显改变含有葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会显着改变含葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。Hypo-gfp荧光在细胞生长过程中遍布整个膜。Hypo-gfp在啤酒酵母或巴氏酵母中的过表达不会明显改变含有葡萄糖,麦芽糖,麦芽三糖或麦芽汁的培养基在不同浓度下的细胞生长。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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