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Arguments for an additional long-lived intermediate in the photocycle of the full-length aureochrome 1c receptor: A time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering study.
Structural Dynamics ( IF 3.670 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 , DOI: 10.1063/1.5095063
Saskia Bannister 1 , Elena Böhm 1 , Thomas Zinn 2 , Thomas Hellweg 1 , Tilman Kottke 1
Affiliation  

Aureochromes (AUREO) act as blue-light photoreceptors in algae. They consist of a light-, oxygen-, voltage-sensitive (LOV) domain and a DNA-binding basic region/leucine zipper. Illumination of the flavin cofactor in LOV leads to the formation of an adduct, followed by global structural changes. Here, we first applied UV/vis spectroscopy to characterize the photocycle of full-length aureochrome 1c (PtAUREO1c) from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. With a time constant of 850 s and a quantum yield of 23%, PtAUREO1c reveals a faster recovery time and a much lower sensitivity toward light than PtAUREO1a, pointing to its role as a high light sensor in vivo. UV/vis spectroscopy offers details on the local recovery of the flavin chromophore. However, kinetic information on the global structural recovery of full-length AUREO or any other multidomain LOV protein is missing. This information is essential not least for the photoreceptors' applications as optogenetic devices. Therefore, we established a procedure to apply small-angle X-ray scattering on PtAUREO1c in a time-resolved manner employing an in-house setup. In combination with UV/vis spectroscopy under similar conditions, we revealed a discrepancy between the recovery of the global protein structure and the adduct lifetime. Accordingly, we propose to supplement the photocycle by an intermediate state (I447), which decays with a time constant of about 800 s and prolongs the lifetime of the signaling state.

中文翻译:

关于全长aureochrome 1c受体光循环中其他长寿命中间体的争论:时间分辨小角度X射线散射研究。

金黄色素(AUREO)在藻类中用作蓝光感光体。它们由光,氧,电压敏感(LOV)域和DNA结合碱性区域/亮氨酸拉链组成。LOV中黄素辅因子的发光导致形成加合物,随后发生整体结构变化。在这里,我们首先应用紫外/可见光谱来表征来自硅藻硅藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)的全长金黄色素1c(PtAUREO1c)的光循环。PtAUREO1c的时间常数为850 s,量子产率为23%,与PtAUREO1a相比,它具有更快的恢复时间和对光的低得多的灵敏度,这表明它是体内高光传感器。紫外/可见光谱提供了有关黄素发色团的局部回收的详细信息。然而,缺少有关全长AUREO或任何其他多域LOV蛋白的全局结构恢复的动力学信息。该信息对于感光器作为光遗传学设备的应用至关重要。因此,我们建立了一个程序,采用内部设置,以时间分辨的方式在PtAUREO1c上施加小角度X射线散射。在类似条件下与紫外/可见光谱结合使用,我们发现整体蛋白质结构的恢复与加合物寿命之间存在差异。因此,我们建议通过一个中间状态(I447)来补充光周期,该中间状态会以大约800 s的时间常数衰减并延长信号状态的寿命。因此,我们建立了一个程序,采用内部设置,以时间分辨的方式在PtAUREO1c上施加小角度X射线散射。在类似条件下与紫外/可见光谱结合使用,我们发现整体蛋白质结构的恢复与加合物寿命之间存在差异。因此,我们建议通过一个中间状态(I447)来补充光周期,该中间状态会以大约800 s的时间常数衰减并延长信号状态的寿命。因此,我们建立了一个程序,采用内部设置,以时间分辨的方式在PtAUREO1c上施加小角度X射线散射。在类似条件下与紫外/可见光谱结合使用,我们发现整体蛋白质结构的恢复与加合物寿命之间存在差异。因此,我们建议通过一个中间状态(I447)来补充光周期,该状态会以大约800 s的时间常数衰减并延长信号状态的寿命。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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