Abstract In túngara frogs, female mate choice requires remembering the location and/or calls of preferred males who advertise from fixed positions within a breeding pond. A previous study found that, when solving a place discrimination task in the laboratory, female túngara frogs were able to learn a visual cue to solve the task, whereas males were not. In that task, male performance appeared to be inhibited, in part, by their attempt to use egocentric cues. We tested whether the sex difference in place learning previously reported would generalize to other training parameters with different cues available by eliminating the potential to use egocentric cues and increasing the number of trials per day. As before, frogs were given a choice between a red or yellow door, one of which led to shelters and return to their home cage. In the current testing conditions, we detected a preference for the red door; thus, we only considered frogs rewarded to the yellow door. Training was associated with an increase in correct choices and an increased preference for the yellow door. However, there was no evidence for a sex difference in learning. In summary, under the current training conditions, we found that the apparent female advantage in place learning was no longer evident. Future studies that investigate sex differences in cue preference and/or ability to switch among cues will further illuminate the conditions under which sex differences in learning are manifest in túngara frogs.

中文翻译：

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重新考虑通加拉青蛙地点学习过程中的性别差异


摘要 在 túngara 青蛙中，雌性配偶选择需要记住在繁殖池内固定位置进行广告的首选雄性的位置和/或叫声。之前的一项研究发现，当在实验室中解决地点辨别任务时，雌性通加拉青蛙能够学习视觉提示来解决任务，而雄性则不能。在这项任务中，男性的表现似乎受到抑制，部分原因是他们试图使用以自我为中心的线索。我们通过消除使用自我中心线索的可能性并增加每天的试验次数，测试了先前报告的就地学习的性别差异是否会推广到具有不同可用线索的其他训练参数。和以前一样，青蛙可以选择红色或黄色的门，其中一扇通向避难所并返回它们的笼子。在当前的测试条件下，我们检测到对红门的偏好；因此，我们只考虑奖励到黄色门的青蛙。培训与正确选择的增加和对黄色门的偏好增加有关。然而，没有证据表明学习方面存在性别差异。综上所述，在目前的训练条件下，我们发现女性在就地学习中的明显优势不再明显。未来研究提示偏好和/或提示切换能力的性别差异将进一步阐明通加拉青蛙在学习中表现出性别差异的条件。