BACKGROUND Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) acts as an important tropic economic crop and rubber tree anthracnose, mainly caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is one of the most common fungal disease, which leads to serious loss of rubber production. Therefore, the investigation on disease resistance is of great worldwide significance. In the past decades, substantial progress has been made on coding gene families related with plant disease resistance. However, in rubber tree, whether the disease resistance mechanism involves noncoding RNAs, especially long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), still remains poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we modeled the development of H. brasiliensis leaf samples inoculated with C. gloeosporioides at divergent stages, explored to identify the expressed ncRNAs by RNA-seq, and investigated the dominant lncRNAs responding to the infection, through constructing a co-expressed network systematically. On the dominant lncRNAs, we explored the potential functional role of lncRNA11254 recruiting the transcription factor, and that lncRNA11041 and lncRNA11205 probably stimulate the accumulation of corresponding disease responsive miRNAs, and further modulate the expressions of target genes, accompanying with experimental examination. CONCLUSIONS Take together, computational analyses in silico and experimental evidences in our research collectively revealed the responsive roles of dominant lncRNAs to the pathogen. The results will provide new perspectives to unveil the plant disease resistance mechanisms, and will presumably provide a new theoretical basis and candidate prognostic markers for the optimization and innovation of genetic breeding for rubber tree. REVIEWERS This article was reviewed by Ryan McGinty and Roland Huber.

中文翻译：

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揭示了对巴西橡胶树中炭疽菌炭疽菌感染的反应的主要长非编码RNA。

背景技术橡胶树（巴西橡胶树）起着重要的热带经济作物的作用，橡胶树炭疽病是最常见的真菌病之一，其主要由炭疽菌引起，是导致橡胶产量严重损失的一种。因此，对抗病性的研究具有重要的世界意义。在过去的几十年中，在编码与植物抗病性有关的基因家族方面已取得实质性进展。但是，在橡胶树中，抗病机制是否涉及非编码RNA，尤其是长的非编码RNA（lncRNA），仍然知之甚少。结果在这里，我们模拟了在不同阶段接种球孢梭状芽孢杆菌的巴西橡胶叶样本的发育，探索了通过RNA-seq鉴定表达的ncRNA的方法，通过系统地构建共表达网络，研究了对感染有反应的优势lncRNA。在占主导地位的lncRNA上，我们探索了lncRNA11254募集转录因子的潜在功能作用，并伴随实验检查，lncRNA11041和lncRNA11205可能刺激了相应的疾病反应性miRNA的积累，并进一步调节了靶基因的表达。结论综合起来，计算机研究中的计算机分析和我们研究中的实验证据共同揭示了优势lncRNA对病原体的响应作用。结果将为揭示植物抗病机理提供新的视角，可以为橡胶树遗传育种的优化和创新提供新的理论基础和候选预后标志。审阅者本文由Ryan McGinty和Roland Huber审阅。