Eccrine sweat glands and hair follicles are two primary skin appendages that serve different functions. Although the two appendages exhibit unique morphological patterns in adults, it is difficult to distinguish them morphologically in the early stages of development and regeneration. To research and compare the development, differentiation and regeneration between eccrine sweat glands and hair follicles/pilosebaceous units, specific antigen markers must be found first. Human skin samples were fixed, paraffin-embedded, and cut. The expression of K5, K7, K8, K14, K27, K31, K73, AE13, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase α and Na+–K⁺–2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) in eccrine sweat glands, hair follicles and sebaceous glands was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that eccrine sweat glands expressed K5, K7, K8, K14, K31, α-SMA, CEA, EMA, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase α and NKCC1, but did not express K27, K73 or K31. Hair follicles expressed K5, K8, K14, K27, K31, K73, α-SMA and AE13, but did not express K7, CEA, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase α or NKCC1. Sebaceous glands expressed K5, K14, K73, and EMA, but did not express K7, K8, K31, α-SMA, CEA, EMA, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase α or NKCC1. We concluded that K7, CEA, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and NKCC1 can be used as specific markers for eccrine sweat glands, K27 and AE13 can be used as specific markers for hair follicles, and K73 can be used as a specific marker for pilosebaceous unit. These specific markers may contribute to differentiate between eccrine sweat glands and hair follicle/pilosebaceous units.

中文翻译：

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人内分泌汗腺和毛囊/皮脂腺单位之间的抗原差异表达。

内分泌汗腺和毛囊是两个主要的皮肤附件，具有不同的功能。尽管两个附肢在成人中表现出独特的形态学模式，但在发育和再生的早期很难在形态上区分它们。为了研究和比较内分泌汗腺和毛囊/毛囊皮脂单位之间的发育，分化和再生，必须首先找到特定的抗原标记。将人体皮肤样品固定，石蜡包埋并切割。K5，K7，K8，K14，K27，K31，K73，AE13，α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA），上皮膜抗原（EMA），癌胚抗原（CEA），Na ⁺ / K ⁺ -ATPase的表达α和Na + –K ⁺通过免疫荧光染色检测到了内分泌汗腺，毛囊和皮脂腺中的–2Cl共转运蛋白1（NKCC1）。结果显示，内分泌汗腺表达K5，K7，K8，K14，K31，α-SMA，CEA，EMA，Na ⁺ / K ⁺ -ATPaseα和NKCC1，但不表达K27，K73或K31。毛囊表达K5，K8，K14，K27，K31，K73，α-SMA和AE13，但不表达K7，CEA，Na ⁺ / K ⁺ -ATPaseα或NKCC1。皮脂腺表达K5，K14，K73和EMA，但不表达K7，K8，K31，α-SMA，CEA，EMA，Na ⁺ / K ⁺ -ATPaseα或NKCC1。我们得出结论，K7，CEA，Na ⁺ / K ⁺-ATPase和NKCC1可用作外分泌汗腺的特异性标记，K27和AE13可用作毛囊的特异性标记，而K73可用作毛囊皮脂单位的特异性标记。这些特定的标记可能有助于区分内分泌汗腺和毛囊/皮脂腺单位。