We report on the feasibility of C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) parenchymal blood volume imaging (PBVI) performed immediately following transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to assess the need for repeat treatment. Eighteen TACE procedures were included. A retrospective assessment was made for the presence or absence of residual disease requiring treatment on immediate post-TACE PBVI and on interval follow-up multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 9/18 cases, both PBVI and MDCT/MRI showed that no further treatment was required. In 6/18 cases, further treatment was required on both PBVI and MDCT/MRI. In three cases, PBVI showed that further treatment was not required but MDCT/MRI showed residual disease requiring repeat treatment. There were no cases with PBVI showing residual disease not detected on follow-up MDCT/MRI. The PBVI sensitivity for detecting disease requiring repeat TACE was 67% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30–93%), and specificity was 100% (95% CI 66–100%). The use of C-arm CBCT PBVI for the detection of residual viable tumor within a treated lesion immediately after TACE is feasible. It may allow repeat TACE to be planned without performing interval imaging with MDCT or MRI.

中文翻译：

---

C型臂锥束CT实质血容量成像对肝细胞癌经动脉化学栓塞的影响：对治疗计划和反应的影响。

我们报告肝细胞癌（HCC）经动脉化学栓塞（TACE）后立即进行的C型臂锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）实质血容量成像（PBVI）的可行性，以评估是否需要重复治疗。包括18个TACE程序。回顾性评估是否存在残留疾病，需要在TACE术后立即进行PBVI和间隔随访多探测器计算机断层扫描（MDCT）或磁共振成像（MRI）进行治疗。在9/18例中，PBVI和MDCT / MRI均显示无需进一步治疗。在6/18例中，PBVI和MDCT / MRI均需要进一步治疗。在三例中，PBVI显示不需要进一步治疗，但MDCT / MRI显示残留疾病需要重复治疗。没有病例显示在后续的MDCT / MRI检查中未发现残留疾病。PBVI检测需要重复TACE的疾病的敏感性为67％（95％置信区间[CI] 30–93％），特异性为100％（95％CI 66-100％）。在TACE后立即使用C臂CBCT PBVI检测治疗病变内残留的存活肿瘤是可行的。它可以允许计划重复的TACE，而无需使用MDCT或MRI进行间隔成像。