BACKGROUND Racial/ethnic minorities have among the highest risks for Alzheimer disease and dementia, but remain underrepresented in clinical research studies. OBJECTIVE To synthesize the current evidence on strategies to recruit and retain racial/ethnic minorities in Alzheimer disease and dementia clinical research. METHODS We conducted a systematic review by searching CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus. We included studies that met four criteria: (1) included a racial/ethnic minority group (African American, Latino, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander); (2) implemented a recruitment or retention strategy for Alzheimer disease or dementia clinical research; (3) conducted within the U.S.; and (4) published in a peer-reviewed journal. RESULTS Of the 19 included studies, 14 (73.7%) implemented recruitment strategies and 5 (26.3%) implemented both recruitment and retention strategies. Fifteen studies (78.9%) focused on African Americans, two (10.6%) on both African Americans and Latinos, and two (10.5%) on Asians. All the articles were rated weak in the study quality. Four major themes were identified for the recruitment strategies: community outreach (94.7%), advertisement (57.9%), collaboration with health care providers (42.1%), and referral (21.1%). Three major themes were identified for the retention strategies: follow-up communication (15.8%), maintain community relationship (15.8%), and convenience (10.5%). CONCLUSION Our findings highlight several promising recruitment and retention strategies that investigators should prioritize when allocating limited resources, however, additional well-designed studies are needed. By recruiting and retaining more racial/ethnic minorities in Alzheimer disease and dementia research, investigators may better understand the heterogeneity of disease progression among marginalized groups. PROSPERO registration #CRD42018081979.

中文翻译：

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在阿尔茨海默氏病和痴呆症临床研究中招募和保留少数民族的策略。

背景技术种族/族裔少数人群患阿尔茨海默氏病和痴呆症的风险最高，但在临床研究中的代表性仍然不足。目的总结有关在阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症临床研究中招募和保留种族/族裔少数群体的策略的当前证据。方法我们通过搜索CINAHL，EMBASE，MEDLINE，PsycINFO和Scopus进行了系统的审查。我们纳入了符合四个标准的研究：（1）包括一个种族/族裔少数群体（非裔美国人，拉丁美洲人，亚洲人，美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民，以及夏威夷原住民或其他太平洋岛民）；（2）为阿尔茨海默氏病或​​痴呆症的临床研究实施了招募或保留策略；（3）在美国境内进行；（4）在同行评审期刊上发表。结果在19项纳入研究中，有14项（73。7％）实施了招聘策略，而5（26.3％）则实施了招聘和保留策略。十五项研究（78.9％）针对非裔美国人，两项针对非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人（10.6％），两项针对亚洲人（10.5％）。所有文章均被评为研究质量较弱。招聘策略确定了四个主要主题：社区外展（94.7％），广告（57.9％），与医疗保健提供者的合作（42.1％）和推荐（21.1％）。确定了保留策略的三个主要主题：跟进沟通（15.8％），保持社区关系（15.8％）和便利（10.5％）。结论我们的研究结果突出了调查人员在分配有限资源时应优先考虑的几种有希望的招聘和保留策略，但是，需要进行其他精心设计的研究。通过在阿尔茨海默氏病和痴呆症研究中招募和保留更多的种族/族裔少数民族，研究者可能会更好地了解边缘化群体之间疾病进展的异质性。PROSPERO注册号＃CRD42018081979。