We investigated morphometric variation in size and shape of the head, pronotum, and abdomen between the taxa and sexes of two ground beetles, Carabus coriaceus cerisyi Dejean, 1826 and C. kollari praecellens Palliardi, 1825. These two taxa differ in overall size, and both of them are characterized by significant sexual size dimorphism. In many taxa, allometry, the relationship between changes in shape and changes in size, can be a major component of intra- and interspecific variation in body shape. In the present study, we applied landmark-based geometric morphometrics to explore allometric and non-allometric components of shape variation between the taxa and more importantly between sexes within the taxa. We were able to show that the differences of shape between the taxa cannot be explained by allometric changes, as allometry explains only a small amount of total shape variation between the taxa, which was expected due to the fact that the taxa belong to separate subgenera. Between the sexes, on the other hand, allometry contributes largely to the variation, particularly in abdomen shape. However, the differences of head and pronotum shape between the sexes cannot be entirely explained in terms of allometric scaling. Our results indicate that allometry contributes largely to differences of body shape between the sexes, while differences between the taxa are influenced by other factors and processes.

中文翻译：

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在两个地上的甲虫类群中，有性大小和形状的二态性：Carabus（Procrustes）coriaceus cerisyi和C.（Morphocarabus）kollari praecellens（Coleoptera：Carabidae）-一种几何形态学方法。

我们研究了两个地面甲虫Carabus coriaceus cerisyi Dejean，1826年和C. kollari praecellens Palliardi，1825年在头类和性别之间的头部，前胸骨和腹部的大小和形状的形态计量变化。这两个类群的整体大小不同，并且他们两个人的特征都是明显的性大小二态性。在许多类群中，异速生长是形状变化和大小变化之间的关系，可能是体内形状的种内和种间变化的主要组成部分。在本研究中，我们应用了基于界标的几何形态计量学，以探索分类单元之间以及更重要的是分类单元内性别之间的形状变异的异形和非异形成分。我们能够证明，分类群之间形状的差异无法用异速变化来解释，因为异速测量法仅解释了分类单元之间的少量总体形状变化，这是由于分类单元属于不同的子属这一事实而可以预料的。另一方面，两性之间的异速成因很大程度上促进了变异，尤其是腹部形状。但是，性别之间的头部和前胸膜形状的差异不能完全用异速结垢法来解释。我们的研究结果表明，异速测量在很大程度上促进了性别之间的身体形状差异，而分类单元之间的差异则受其他因素和过程的影响。性别之间的头部和前胸膜形状的差异不能完全用异速结垢解释。我们的研究结果表明，异速测量在很大程度上促进了性别之间的身体形状差异，而分类单元之间的差异则受其他因素和过程的影响。性别之间的头部和前胸膜形状的差异不能完全用异速结垢解释。我们的研究结果表明，异速测量在很大程度上促进了性别之间的身体形状差异，而分类单元之间的差异则受其他因素和过程的影响。