The aim of this study was to compare the fate of fumonisins in transgenic and non-transgenic corn during industrial dry milling. For this purpose, whole corn samples and their fractions (germ, pericarp, endosperm, corn meal, and grits) were collected from one of the major Brazilian milling plants, totaling 480 samples. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between mean fumonisin (FB₁ + FB₂) levels in transgenic (1130 μg/kg) and non-transgenic (920 μg/kg) whole corn. However, in non-transgenic germ, endosperm and corn meal fraction fumonisin levels were higher (2940 μg/kg, 250 μg/kg and 190 μg/kg, respectively) than in transgenic fractions (2180 μg/kg, 130 μg/kg and 85.0 μg/kg, respectively). Furthermore, the highest percentages of fumonisins were distributed in the germ, corresponding to about 87 and 76% of the total fumonisins present in the whole corn from non-transgenic and transgenic hybrids, respectively. Concerning the endosperm from non-transgenic and transgenic corn, approximately, 23% and 13% of the total fumonisins were retained after the dry milling. Further processing in corn meal (300 to 420 μm particle size) and grits (590 to 1190 μm) decreased the percentages of remaining fumonisins to 4% and 2% (transgenic) and 10% and 3% (non-transgenic corn), respectively. These results suggested that fumonisin concentration was higher in outer and inner non-transgenic fractions when compared to transgenic ones and that the fate of fumonisins during the industrial dry milling could be affected by the transgenic status. However, it was not possible to conclude that the difference was exclusively due to this variable.

中文翻译：

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转基因玉米与常规玉米：伏马毒素的工业干磨过程中的命运。

这项研究的目的是比较工业干磨过程中伏马菌素在转基因和非转基因玉米中的命运。为此，从巴西一家主要的制粉厂中收集了整个玉米样品及其馏分（胚芽，果皮，胚乳，玉米粉和粗粉），总计480个样品。 伏马毒素平均含量（FB ₁ + FB ₂）之间无显着差异（p > 0.05）。转基因（1130μg/ kg）和非转基因（920μg/ kg）整个玉米中的水平）。但是，在非转基因胚芽中，胚乳和玉米粉级分伏马菌素水平较高（分别为2940μg/ kg，250μg/ kg和190μg/ kg），高于转基因级分（2180μg/ kg，130μg/ kg和分别为85.0μg/ kg）。此外，伏马菌素含量最高的菌种分布在胚芽中，分别相当于非转基因和转基因杂种中整个玉米中伏马菌素总量的约87％和76％。关于非转基因和转基因玉米的胚乳，干磨后保留了大约23％和13％的伏马菌素总量。在玉米粉（粒度为300至420μm）和粗粒（590至1190μm）中进行进一步处理，将伏马菌素的残留百分比分别降至4％和2％（转基因）和10％和3％（非转基因玉米） 。这些结果表明，与转基因相比，外部和内部非转基因组分中的伏马菌素浓度更高，而且工业干磨过程中的伏马菌素命运可能受到转基因状态的影响。但是，不可能断定差异完全是由于该变量引起的。