Mycotoxins are toxic secondary fungal metabolites that can negatively affect animal productivity when ingested through feed. In order to assess mycotoxin contamination of poultry feed and feed ingredients vis-a-vis source tracking of feed contamination in Nigeria, 102 samples of feed (n = 30) and feed ingredients (n = 72) were collected from in-house mills of poultry farms across 12 states of Nigeria and analyzed for multiple mycotoxins using LC/MS-MS. One hundred and forty microbial metabolites were detected in the feed and feed ingredients. The most frequent mycotoxin in the feed was fumonisin B₁, occurring in 97% of the samples at mean concentration of 1014 μg kg⁻¹. AFB₁ occurred in 83% of the feed samples at mean concentration of 74 μg kg⁻¹ and in all feed ingredients except fish meal and other cereals (millet and rice). Feed samples analyzed in this study were contaminated with at least four mycotoxins: aflatoxins and fumonisin co-occurring in 80% of the samples. Peanut cake and maize contributed the most to the levels of aflatoxin and fumonisin, respectively, in the feed. Consequently, there is a need to explore other cereal- and protein-based ingredients for compounding feeds in order to reduce the risk associated with high mycotoxin (e.g. aflatoxin) intake in poultry.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚家禽饲料和饲料原料中的霉菌毒素。

霉菌毒素是有毒的次级真菌代谢产物，当通过饲料摄入时，会对动物的生产力产生负面影响。为了评估家禽饲料和饲料原料中的霉菌毒素污染，相对于尼日利亚的饲料污染源追踪， 从鸡舍的内部工厂收集了102份饲料样品（n  = 30）和饲料成分（n = 72）。尼日利亚12个州的家禽养殖场，并使用LC / MS-MS分析了多种霉菌毒素。饲料和饲料成分中检测到140种微生物代谢物。饲料中最常见的霉菌毒素是伏马毒素B ₁，它在97％的样品中平均浓度为1014μgkg ^-1。空军基地₁在83％的饲料样品中发生的平均浓度为74μgkg ^-1，除鱼粉和其他谷类（谷类和大米）以外的所有饲料成分中都存在这种情况。在这项研究中分析的饲料样品中至少有四种霉菌毒素被污染：80％的样品中同时存在黄曲霉毒素和伏马毒素。花生饼和玉米分别对饲料中黄曲霉毒素和伏马毒素的含量影响最大。因此，有必要探索其他基于谷物和蛋白质的成分来配合饲料，以减少与家禽摄入高真菌毒素（例如黄曲霉毒素）有关的风险。