Our study aimed to study regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their expression of CD45RA, HLA-DR, and CD39 in preterm and full-term infants. In an observational study, we used a three-color flow cytometry for determination of Tregs and their expression of CD45RA, HLA-DR, and CD39 in preterm and full-term infants. The percentages of CD4+CD25+highFoxp3+, CD39+ Tregs, HLA-DR+ Tregs and the expression of Foxp3+ in CD4+CD25+highFoxp3 Tregs cells were significantly lower in neonates when compared to healthy adult controls. The levels of naïve resting Tregs (CD45RA+Tregs) were significantly higher in neonates than controls. The percentages of CD4+CD25+highFoxp3+Tregs, total CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD25+high were significantly higher in preterm infants when compared to the full-term group. Moreover, CD45RA+Tregs were significantly higher in preterm than in term infants. We found significant inverse correlations between the gestational age and the levels of both Tregs (r = - 0.395, p = 0.017) and CD45RA+Tregs (r = - 0.422, p = 0.010). Relative to full-term, the frequencies, and phenotypes of Tregs were affected by prematurity. A larger longitudinal study with a sufficient number of newborns is needed to investigate the Treg pool of term and preterm infants thoroughly and to explore the association between the Treg pool and clinical variables.

中文翻译：

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早产儿和足月儿中调节性T细胞的表征。

我们的研究旨在研究早产和足月婴儿的调节性T细胞（Treg）及其CD45RA，HLA-DR和CD39的表达。在一项观察性研究中，我们使用三色流式细胞仪测定早产和足月婴儿的Treg及其CD45RA，HLA-DR和CD39的表达。与健康成人对照组相比，新生儿中CD4 + CD25 + highFoxp3 +，CD39 + Tregs，HLA-DR + Tregs的百分比以及CD4 + CD25 + highFoxp3 Tregs细胞中Foxp3 +的表达明显降低。新生儿的幼稚静息Tregs（CD45RA + Tregs）水平明显高于对照组。与足月组相比，早产儿的CD4 + CD25 + highFoxp3 + Treg，总CD4 + CD25 +和CD4 + CD25 + high的百分比明显更高。此外，早产儿的CD45RA + Treg明显高于足月儿。我们发现胎龄与两种Tregs（r =-0.395，p = 0.017）和CD45RA + Tregs（r =-0.422，p = 0.010）的水平之间存在显着的负相关。相对于足月，Treg的频率和表型受早产影响。需要进行足够多的新生儿的大型纵向研究，以彻底调查足月和早产儿的Treg库，并探索Treg库与临床变量之间的关联。