Darwin’s first two, relatively complete, explicit articulations of his theorizing on evolution were his Essay of 1844 and On the Origin of Species published in 1859. A comparative analysis concludes that they espoused radically different theories despite exhibiting a continuity of strategy, much common structure and the same key idea. Both were theories of evolution by means of natural selection. In 1844, organic adaptation was confined to occasional intervals initiated and controlled by de-stabilization events. The modified descendants rebalanced the particular “plant and animal forms … unsettled by some alteration in their circumstances.” But by 1859, organic adaptation occurred continuously, potentially modifying the descendants of all organisms. Even natural selection, the persistent core of Darwin’s theorizing, does not prove to be a significant basis for theory similarity. Consequently, Darwin’s Origin theory cannot reasonably be considered as a mature version of the Essay. It is not a modification based on adjustments, further justifications and the integration of a Principle of Divergence. The Origin announced a new “scientific paradigm” while the Essay did little more than seemingly misconfigure the operation of a novel mechanism to extend varieties beyond their accepted bounds, and into the realm of possible new species. Two other collections of Darwin’s theorizing are briefly considered: his extensive notes of the late 1830s and his contributions to the famous meeting of 1 July 1858. For very different reasons, neither constitutes a challenge to the basis for this comparative study. It is concluded that, in addition to the much-debated social pressures, an unacknowledged further reason why Darwin did not publish his theorizing until 1859, could have been down to his perceptive technical judgement: wisely, he held back from rushing to publish demonstrably flawed theorizing.

中文翻译：

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达尔文的两个理论，1844 年和 1859 年

达尔文对进化论的前两篇相对完整、明确的阐述是他的 1844 年论文和 1859 年出版的物种起源。 比较分析得出的结论是，尽管表现出策略的连续性、许多共同的结构和结构，但他们支持完全不同的理论。相同的关键思想。两者都是通过自然选择进行进化的理论。1844 年，有机适应仅限于由不稳定事件引发和控制的偶然间隔。修改后的后代重新平衡了特定的“植物和动物形式……由于环境的一些变化而感到不安”。但到 1859 年，有机适应不断发生，可能改变所有生物的后代。甚至自然选择，达尔文理论的核心，没有证明是理论相似性的重要基础。因此，达尔文的起源理论不能合理地被认为是该论文的成熟版本。它不是基于调整、进一步的理由和分歧原则的整合的修改。The Origin 宣布了一种新的“科学范式”，而 Essay 所做的只是看似错误地配置了一种新机制的运作，以将品种扩展到其可接受的范围之外，并进入可能的新物种领域。简要地考虑了达尔文的另外两本理论集：他对 1830 年代后期的大量笔记和他对 1858 年 7 月 1 日著名会议的贡献。出于不同的原因，这两本都不构成对本比较研究基础的挑战。得出的结论是，