The use of selective antiviral therapy has been very successful in controlling HBV replication in individuals, leading to a reduction in disease progression and mortality. However, the use of first-generation therapies, often the only available option in low-resource settings, can result in a high prevalence of drug resistance mutations. Variants selected by antiviral therapies targeting the viral polymerase can also result in variants in the viral envelope. These variants can allow the virus to escape the host immune response. The effect of antiviral selection pressure on viral variants that may contribute to immune escape requires further investigation.

中文翻译：

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抗病毒药物耐药性和乙肝：持续存在的公共卫生问题。

选择性抗病毒治疗在控制个体中HBV复制方面非常成功，从而降低了疾病进展和死亡率。但是，使用第一代疗法通常是在资源贫乏地区唯一可用的选择，它会导致耐药性突变的高发生率。通过靶向病毒聚合酶的抗病毒疗法选择的变体也可导致病毒包膜中的变体。这些变体可以使病毒逃脱宿主的免疫反应。抗病毒选择压力对可能有助于免疫逃逸的病毒变异的影响需要进一步研究。