SummaryGeographic variation in Esterase-6 (Est-6) and Phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) gene frequencies in Australasian populations of Drosophila melanogaster are compared with analogous data collated from 16 previous reports for North America and Europe/Asia. A large-scale latitudinal cline is found on all three Zoogeographic zones for Est-6 and overall, Est-61·00 frequency increases from about 20 per cent around 20° latitude to about 80 per cent approaching 50° latitude. In contrast, there is no consistent evidence for a latitudinal cline in Pgm gene frequencies in any of the three zones, with Pgm1·00 frequency generally about 85 per cent and Pgm1·20 and Pgm0·70 frequencies each between 5 per cent and 10 per cent. The consistent Est-6 clines are attributed to latitudinal selection gradients but no consistent correlations are found between Est-6 gene frequencies and maximum or minimum temperature or rainfall which might be associated with these gradients. The directions of the Est-6 clines in fact run counter to expectations based on the in vitro thermostabilities of the respective allozymes.

中文翻译：

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黑腹果蝇酯酶6和磷酸葡萄糖变位酶基因频率的纬度关系

总结 将澳大利亚黑腹果蝇种群中酯酶-6 (Est-6) 和磷酸葡萄糖变位酶 (Pgm) 基因频率的地理变异与从北美和欧洲/亚洲的 16 份先前报告中整理的类似数据进行比较。在 Est-6 的所有三个动物地理带上都发现了大规模的纬度倾斜，总体而言，Est-61·00 的频率从纬度 20° 附近的约 20% 增加到纬度 50° 附近的约 80%。相比之下，没有一致的证据表明三个区域中任何一个区域的 Pgm 基因频率存在纬度变化，Pgm1·00 频率通常约为 85%，Pgm1·20 和 Pgm0·70 频率各在 5% 到 10% 之间。分。一致的 Est-6 基因归因于纬度选择梯度，但在 Est-6 基因频率与可能与这些梯度相关的最高或最低温度或降雨量之间没有发现一致的相关性。Est-6 基因的方向实际上与基于相应同工酶的体外热稳定性的预期背道而驰。