Products from chemical engineering are essential for human well-being, but they also contribute to the degradation of ecosystem goods and services that are essential for sustaining all human activities. To contribute to sustainability, chemical engineering needs to address this paradox by developing chemical products and processes that meet the needs of present and future generations. Unintended harm of chemical engineering has usually appeared outside the discipline's traditional system boundary due to shifting of impacts across space, time, flows, or disciplines, and exceeding nature's capacity to supply goods and services. Being a subdiscipline of chemical engineering, process systems engineering (PSE) is best suited for ensuring that chemical engineering makes net positive contributions to sustainable development. This article reviews the role of PSE in the quest toward a sustainable chemical engineering. It focuses on advances in metrics, process design, product design, and process dynamics and control toward sustainability. Efforts toward contributing to this quest have already expanded the boundary of PSE to consider economic, environmental, and societal aspects of processes, products, and their life cycles. Future efforts need to account for the role of ecosystems in supporting industrial activities, and the effects of human behavior and markets on the environmental impacts of chemical products. Close interaction is needed between the reductionism of chemical engineering science and the holism of process systems engineering, along with a shift in the engineering paradigm from wanting to dominate nature to learning from it and respecting its limits.

中文翻译：

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迈向可持续化学工程：过程系统工程的作用。

化学工程产品对人类的福祉至关重要，但它们也对生态系统商品和服务的退化做出了贡献，而生态系统的商品和服务对于维持所有人类活动至关重要。为了促进可持续发展，化学工程需要通过开发满足当代和后代需求的化学产品和工艺来解决这一矛盾。由于跨空间，时间，流量或学科的影响转移，并且超出了自然界提供商品和服务的能力，化学工程的意外伤害通常已出现在该学科的传统系统边界之外。作为化学工程的子学科，过程系统工程（PSE）最适合确保化学工程为可持续发展做出积极的净贡献。本文回顾了PSE在寻求可持续化学工程方面的作用。它侧重于指标，流程设计，产品设计和流程动态以及对可持续性的控制方面的进步。为实现这一目标所做的努力已经扩大了PSE的范围，以考虑流程，产品及其生命周期的经济，环境和社会方面。未来的工作需要考虑生态系统在支持工业活动中的作用，以及人类行为和市场对化学产品对环境的影响。化学工程科学的还原论与过程系统工程的整体论之间需要紧密的相互作用，同时工程范式也要从想要支配自然到向自然学习并尊重其极限。