BACKGROUND: Bacterial pathogens belonging to the genus Acinetobacter cause serious infections in immunocompromised individuals that are very difficult to treat due to their extremely high resistance to many antibiotics.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of resistance-nodulation-division (RND) pumps and porins in the antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter species collected from Canadian hospitals.METHODS: Clinical isolates of Acinetobacter species collected from Canadian hospitals were analyzed for the expression of genes encoding RND pumps (adeB, adeG, adeJ, AciBau_2746 and AciBau_2436) and outer membrane porins (carO, 33 kDa porin and oprD) using quantitative reverse transcription (qRT) polymerase chain reaction. Species identification of the isolates was performed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for gyrB.RESULTS: The expression of RND pump-encoding genes was widespread in the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter species, with each of the isolates expressing at least one RND pump. adeG was found to be overexpressed in all of the isolates, while adeB was found to be overexpressed in only two isolates. Among the porin-encoding genes, the expression of carO was considerably downregulated among the majority of isolates.CONCLUSION: The present study was the first to analyze the expression of RND pump- and porin-encoding genes in the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter species from Canadian hospitals. The overexpression of genes encoding RND pumps and the downregulation of genes encoding porins was common in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter species from Canadian hospitals, with the AdeFGH pump being the most commonly expressed RND pump.

中文翻译：

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从加拿大医院分离的不动杆菌属物种中的抗生素耐药性和耐药性结节分裂泵和外膜孔蛋白编码基因的表达。

背景：不动杆菌属细菌病原体在免疫功能低下的个体中引起严重感染，由于它们对许多抗生素具有极高的耐药性，因此很难治疗。目的：研究抗性结节分裂 (RND) 泵和孔蛋白在的抗生素抗性不动杆菌从加拿大hospitals.METHODS收集物种：临床分离不动杆菌从加拿大医院收集物种进行了分析编码RND泵（基因的表达adeB，ADEG，adeJ，AciBau_2746和A ciBau_2436）和外膜孔蛋白（CARO, 33 kDa 孔蛋白和oprD ) 使用定量逆转录 (qRT) 聚合酶链反应。使用gyrB的多重聚合酶链反应方法对菌株进行物种鉴定结果：RND泵编码基因在不动杆菌属的临床分离株中广泛表达，每个分离株至少表达一个RND泵。发现adeG在所有分离株中过度表达，而发现adeB在仅两个分离株中过度表达。在孔蛋白编码基因中，carO的表达在大多数分离株中显着下调。结论：本研究首次分析了加拿大医院不动杆菌属临床分离株中 RND 泵和孔蛋白编码基因的表达。编码 RND 泵的基因的过度表达和编码孔蛋白的基因的下调在加拿大医院的不动杆菌属的临床分离株中很常见，其中 AdeFGH 泵是最常表达的 RND 泵。