Since its' discovery over 20 years ago, BDNF has been shown to play a key role in neuronal survival, in promoting neuronal regeneration following injury, regulating transmitter systems and attenuating neural-immune responses. Estrogen's actions in the young and mature brain, and its role in neurodegenerative diseases in many cases overlaps with those observed for BDNF. Reduced estrogen and BDNF are observed in patients with Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, while high estrogen levels are a risk factor for development of multiple sclerosis. Estrogen receptors, which transduce the actions of estrogen, colocalize to cells that express BDNF and its receptor trkB, and estrogen further regulates the expression of this neurotrophin system. This review describes the distribution of BDNF and trkB expressing cells in the forebrain, and the roles of estrogen and the BDNF-trkB neurotrophin system in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis.

中文翻译：

---

雌激素与 BDNF 相互作用：对神经退行性疾病的影响


自 20 多年前被发现以来，BDNF 已被证明在神经元存活、促进损伤后神经元再生、调节递质系统和减弱神经免疫反应方面发挥着关键作用。雌激素在年轻和成熟大脑中的作用及其在神经退行性疾病中的作用在许多情况下与 BDNF 中观察到的作用重叠。在帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病患者中观察到雌激素和 BDNF 减少，而高雌激素水平是多发性硬化症发展的危险因素。雌激素受体可转导雌激素的作用，共定位于表达 BDNF 及其受体 trkB 的细胞，雌激素进一步调节该神经营养蛋白系统的表达。这篇综述描述了 BDNF 和 trkB 表达细胞在前脑中的分布，以及雌激素和 BDNF-trkB 神经营养蛋白系统在帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病和多发性硬化症中的作用。