Mosquitoes are haematophagous vectors for hundreds of pathogenic viruses that are aetiological agents of human diseases. In nature, mosquito-borne viruses maintain a lifecycle between mosquitoes and vertebrate animals. Viruses are acquired by a naive mosquito from an infected host by blood meals and then propagate extensively in the mosquito's tissues. This mosquito then becomes a virus reservoir and is competent to transmit the viruses to a naive vertebrate host through the next blood meal. To survive in and efficiently cycle between two distinct host environments, mosquito-borne viruses have evolved delicate and smart strategies to comprehensively exploit host and vector factors. Here, we provide an update on recent studies of the mechanisms of virus survival in, acquisition and transmission by mosquitoes.

中文翻译：

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蚊虫的虫媒病毒生命周期：获取、传播和传播

蚊子是数百种致病病毒的吸血载体，这些病毒是人类疾病的病原体。在自然界中，蚊媒病毒在蚊子和脊椎动物之间维持生命周期。幼稚的蚊子通过血粉从受感染的宿主身上获得病毒，然后在蚊子的组织中广泛传播。然后，这种蚊子成为病毒库，并有能力通过下一次血餐将病毒传播给幼稚的脊椎动物宿主。为了在两种不同的宿主环境中生存并在两种不同的宿主环境之间有效循环，蚊媒病毒已经进化出微妙而智能的策略来全面利用宿主和媒介因素。在这里，我们提供了有关病毒在蚊子中存活、获得和传播的机制的最新研究。