Trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose, is a naturally occurring nontoxic and nonreducing bioactive sugar. Trehalose is synthetized by many organisms when cells are exposed to stressful conditions, including dehydration, heat, oxidation, hypoxia or even anoxia. Although trehalose is not synthesized by mammalian cells, it has recently been demonstrated to have a number of important properties that indicate its utility in humans. Trehalose enables wound healing by protecting cells, especially cell membranes, from oxidative injury and dessication. When the injured cornea is treated with trehalose, corneal inflammation, scar formation and corneal neovascularization are suppressed. In dry eye disease, trehalose decreased cell apoptosis and reduced oxidative, inflammatory and proteolytic activity at the ocular surface. In UVB irradiated cornea, trehalose suppressed photodamage evoked by UVB rays. It decreased the intracorneal inflammation and reduced corneal neovascularization. Trehalose prevented postoperative fibrous scar formation after ocular surgery, such as glaucoma filtration surgery. The non-toxicity of trehalose allows its administration in humans for extended periods and enables its use in various disease states.

中文翻译：

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海藻糖在眼科。

海藻糖是葡萄糖的一种二糖，是一种天然存在的无毒且不可还原的生物活性糖。当细胞处于压力条件下，包括脱水，加热，氧化，缺氧甚至缺氧时，海藻糖是由许多生物体合成的。尽管海藻糖不是由哺乳动物细胞合成的，但最近已证明它具有许多重要特性，表明其在人类中的实用性。海藻糖通过保护细胞（尤其是细胞膜）免受氧化损伤和干燥而使伤口愈合。当用海藻糖治疗受伤的角膜时，角膜发炎，疤痕形成和角膜新生血管得到抑制。在干眼病中，海藻糖减少了细胞凋亡，并降低了眼表的氧化，炎症和蛋白水解活性。在UVB照射的角膜中，海藻糖抑制了UVB射线引起的光损伤。它减少了角膜内炎症并减少了角膜新血管形成。海藻糖可防止眼部手术（如青光眼滤过手术）术后纤维疤痕的形成。海藻糖的无毒性使其可以在人类中长期使用，并可以用于各种疾病状态。