Higher rates of nuclear anomalies in buccal cells of coffee workers exposed to pesticides in comparison to their unexposed peers were detected in our field study. Here, we extend our findings by examining other exposure indicators in this sample. Occupational exposure of 38 exposed and 33 non-exposed farmworkers was assessed as exposure days in the last month (0-25 days) and as years of exposure (0-47 years). Genotoxic and cytotoxic markers in buccal cells were analysed following standard procedures for buccal micronucleus cytome assay. Both exposure markers were associated with a higher frequency of nuclear anomalies with odds ratios more than 1. After restricting the analysis to the exposed workers only, this association remained only with the marker of recent exposure. In a secondary analysis also environmental exposure defined as proximity of the home to the nearest sprayed field (distance <1000 m) was assessed. Proximity led to increased rates (with odds ratios more than 3) of genotoxic but not cytotoxic nuclear anomalies. Reported recent frequency and intensity of pesticide use and application are a valid exposure marker relevant for cytological pathologies in the buccal mucosa. The exposure metric for environmental exposure was rather crude and confounding by some unmeasured factor cannot be fully excluded. Nevertheless, simple exposure indicators that can even be obtained under rather difficult field conditions do provide health-relevant and valid information.

中文翻译：

---

所报告的农药暴露指标的有效性以及对颊细胞的细胞毒性和遗传毒性影响的相关性。

在我们的现场研究中，与未接触农药的咖啡工人相比，接触过农药的咖啡工人的颊细胞核异常率更高。在这里，我们通过检查样本中的其他暴露指标来扩展我们的发现。38位暴露和33位未暴露的农业工人的职业暴露被评估为上个月（0-25天）的暴露天数和暴露年限（0-47年）。按照颊微核细胞因子测定的标准程序分析颊细胞中的遗传毒性和细胞毒性标志物。两种暴露标志物均与比值大于1的更高频率的核异常相关。在仅将分析限制于暴露的工人之后，这种关联仅与最近暴露的标志物有关。在次要分析中，还评估了环境暴露，定义为房屋与最近的喷雾场之间的距离（距离<1000 m）。邻近导致遗传毒性而非细胞毒性核异常的发生率增加（比值比大于3）。最近报道的农药使用和施用的频率和强度是与颊粘膜细胞病理学相关的有效暴露标志物。环境暴露的暴露指标相当粗糙，不能完全排除由于某些不可测因素造成的混淆。但是，即使在相当困难的野外条件下也可以获得的简单暴露指标，确实提供了与健康有关的有效信息。邻近导致遗传毒性而非细胞毒性核异常的发生率增加（比值比大于3）。最近报道的农药使用和施用的频率和强度是与颊粘膜细胞病理学相关的有效暴露标志物。环境暴露的暴露指标相当粗糙，不能完全排除由于某些不可测因素造成的混淆。但是，即使在相当困难的野外条件下也可以获得的简单暴露指标，确实提供了与健康有关的有效信息。邻近导致遗传毒性而非细胞毒性核异常的发生率增加（比值比大于3）。最近报道的农药使用和施用的频率和强度是与颊粘膜细胞病理学相关的有效暴露标志物。环境暴露的暴露指标相当粗糙，不能完全排除由于某些不可测因素造成的混淆。但是，即使在相当困难的野外条件下也可以获得的简单暴露指标，确实提供了与健康有关的有效信息。环境暴露的暴露指标相当粗糙，不能完全排除由于某些不可测因素造成的混淆。但是，即使在相当困难的野外条件下也可以获得的简单暴露指标，确实提供了与健康有关的有效信息。环境暴露的暴露指标相当粗糙，不能完全排除由于某些不可测因素造成的混淆。但是，即使在相当困难的野外条件下也能获得的简单暴露指标，确实提供了与健康有关的有效信息。