Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) is the most important vector of malaria in South America and has already been found in peri‐urban areas that commonly contain toxic nitrogenous compounds, such as ammonia. The adaptation of mosquitoes to polluted breeding sites can increase their distribution and affect the dynamics of vector‐borne diseases such as malaria. Therefore, the present study investigated the tolerance of larval instars of An. darlingi to ammonia under acute and chronic exposure conditions. Anopheles darlingi larval mortality, development time, and pupal and adult production using larvae of the 1^st (L1) and 3^rd (L3) instar were assessed as both acute and chronic effects of exposure to different concentrations of ammonia. Lethal concentrations (LCs) for L1 larvae were lower than LCs for L3 larvae. In general, higher ammonia concentrations caused an increase in larval mortality, especially in chronically exposed L1 larvae. The larval development time in L1 and L3 was longer with chronic treatment and decreased with increasing concentrations of ammonia. The number of pupae was very low for acutely exposed L1 and L3 larvae. Likewise, the probability of adult production decreased with increasing ammonia concentrations. This is the first report on the tolerance of An. darlingi to pollutants.

中文翻译：

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急性和慢性暴露于氨水对达令按蚊（Diptera：Culicidae）不同幼虫龄的影响。

达林按蚊（Diptera：Culicidae）是南美最重要的疟疾传播媒介，已经在通常含有有毒含氮化合物（例如氨）的城市周边地区发现。使蚊子适应受污染的繁殖地点可增加其分布，并影响诸如疟疾等媒介传播疾病的动态。因此，本研究调查了An幼虫的耐受性。darlingi在急性和慢性暴露条件下均需氨气。按蚊darlingi幼虫死亡率，开发时间和蛹和成虫的生产使用1幼虫^ST（L1）和第3^次（L3）龄期被评估为暴露于不同浓度氨水的急性和慢性作用。L1幼虫的致死浓度（LCs）低于L3幼虫的LCs。通常，较高的氨浓度会导致幼虫死亡率增加，尤其是在长期暴露的L1幼虫中。L1和L3的幼虫发育时间在长期治疗下较长，而随着氨气浓度的增加而下降。急性暴露的L1和L3幼虫的of数量非常低。同样，成年生产的可能性随着氨浓度的增加而降低。这是关于An的耐受性的第一份报告。达令吉对污染物。