Identifying factors predicting effects of cognitive trainings (CT) is important for developing trainings for individuals with specific profiles. The objective of the present study was to evaluate predictors of CT success in several cognitive domains directly after and 1 year after a 7-week group CT in healthy older adults. Sociodemographic variables, baseline cognitive performance, physical activity parameters, apolipoprotein E-4 (apoE-4), levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analysed as possible predictors of CT success. Outcomes were assessed directly after training and 1 year after CT. Results indicate that lower initial baseline performance was a significant predictor for CT success in most of the investigated domains. All tested predictors (except age and BDNF) predicted CT success in different domains. Our data indicate that healthy older adults with lower cognitive baseline scores show stronger benefits of a CT group intervention.

中文翻译：

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预测健康老年人的短期和长期认知训练成功：谁受益？

识别预测认知训练（CT）效果的因素对于开发针对特定个人的训练很重要。本研究的目的是评估健康老年人在进行7周组CT后立即和1年后在几个认知领域中CT成功的预测指标。社会人口统计学变量，基线认知表现，身体活动参数，载脂蛋白E-4（apoE-4），胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1），脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和血管内皮生长因子（ VEGF）作为CT成功的可能预测因子进行了分析。在训练后和CT后1年直接评估结局。结果表明，较低的初始基线性能是大多数研究领域中CT成功的重要预测指标。所有测试的预测变量（年龄和BDNF除外）都预测了不同领域的CT成功。我们的数据表明，认知基线得分较低的健康老年人显示出CT组干预的优势更大。