BACKGROUND Primate populations are in decline, mainly affected by agriculture leading to habitat loss, fragmentation but also chemical pollution. Kibale National Park (Uganda), Sebitoli forest, surrounded by tea and crop fields, is the home range of chimpanzees presenting congenital facial dysplasia. This study aimed to identify to what extent the same phenotypical features are observed in baboons (Papio anubis) of this area. METHODS A total of 25 390 clips recorded by 14 camera traps between January 2017 and April 2018 were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 30 immature and adult baboons of both sexes with nose and lip deformities. They were more frequently observed in the northwestern part of the area. CONCLUSIONS A possible effect of pesticides used in crops at the border of their habitat is suspected to alter the embryonic development. This study emphasizes the importance of non-invasive methods to detect health problems in wild primates that can act as sentinels for human health.

中文翻译：

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乌干达基巴莱国家公园塞比托利野生森林橄榄狒狒（Papio anubis）的面部发育不良：使用相机陷阱检测健康缺陷。

背景技术灵长类动物种群在减少，主要受到农业的影响，导致栖息地丧失，破碎化以及化学污染。乌干达的基巴莱国家公园（Kibale National Park），乌干达（Sebitoli）森林，周围环绕着茶田和农作物，是出现先天性面部发育不良的黑猩猩的家。这项研究旨在确定在该区域的狒狒（Papio anubis）中观察到相同表型特征的程度。方法分析了2017年1月至2018年4月之间14个相机陷阱记录的25 390个剪辑。结果我们鉴定出30只雌雄不育和成年狒狒，其鼻子和嘴唇有畸形。它们在该地区的西北部更常见。结论怀疑在其栖息地边界的农作物中使用农药可能会改变胚胎的发育。