Adolescent bullying perpetration has previously been associated with dating benefits and costs in the short- and long-term, yet it is unclear how early temperament traits facilitate these associations. Therefore, the developmental pathways from temperament in early adolescence to bullying perpetration in middle adolescence and to dating outcomes in late adolescence were examined. Participants included 463 individuals who completed self-report measures on temperament traits at age 12, bullying perpetration at age 14, dating outcomes at age 19, and were in a romantic relationship at age 19. Findings from a path analysis revealed that an early adolescent temperament trait reflecting difficulty with self-regulation (i.e., lower inhibitory control) was associated with middle adolescent bullying perpetration and bullying perpetration was associated with late adolescent dating benefits (i.e., more dating partners) and costs (i.e., higher dating aggression perpetration). Lower inhibitory control also had significant indirect associations to the late adolescent dating outcomes through middle adolescent bullying perpetration. Findings suggest that although a temperament trait can facilitate adaptive dating outcomes through bullying, it can also come at a cost for romantic relationships. Results highlight the importance of early tailoring of bullying interventions to the self-regulatory difficulties of youth to prevent adverse long-term outcomes and to also recognize the challenges of developing interventions for behavior that can result in benefits.

中文翻译：

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气质、欺凌和约会攻击：浪漫关系中青少年的纵向关联。

青少年欺凌行为之前曾被认为与短期和长期的约会利益和成本有关，但尚不清楚早期的气质特征如何促进这些关联。因此，我们研究了从青春期早期的气质到青春期中期的欺凌行为和青春期后期的约会结果的发展路径。参与者包括 463 名个体，他们在 12 岁时完成了气质特征、14 岁时欺凌行为、19 岁时约会结果以及 19 岁时处于恋爱关系的自我报告测量。路径分析的结果显示，早期青少年气质反映自我调节困难的特质（即较低的抑制控制）与青春期中期的欺凌行为有关，而欺凌行为与青春期后期的约会好处（即更多的约会伙伴）和成本（即更高的约会攻击行为）有关。较低的抑制控制也通过青少年中期的欺凌行为与青少年晚期的约会结果有显着的间接关联。研究结果表明，虽然气质特征可以通过欺凌促进适应性约会结果，但它也可能以浪漫关系为代价。结果强调了针对青少年的自我调节困难尽早制定欺凌干预措施的重要性，以防止不利的长期结果，并认识到制定可带来好处的行为干预措施的挑战。