Low self-control is associated with increased consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and unhealthy food. This systematic review aimed to assess whether individual differences in self-control modify the effectiveness of interventions to reduce consumption of these products, and hence their potential to reduce consumption amongst those whose consumption is generally greater. Searches of six databases were supplemented with snowball searches and forward citation tracking. Narrative synthesis summarised findings by: consumption behaviour (alcohol, tobacco, food); psychological processes targeted by the intervention (reflective, non-reflective, or both); and study design (experiment, cohort, or cross-sectional). Of 54 eligible studies, 22 reported no evidence of modification, 18 reported interventions to be less effective in those with low self-control, and 14 reported interventions to be more effective in those with low self-control. This pattern did not differ from chance. Whilst self-control often influenced intervention outcomes, there was no consistent pattern of effects, even when stratifying studies by consumption behaviour, intervention type, or study design. There was a notable absence of evidence regarding interventions that restructure physical or economic environments. In summary, a heterogeneous, low-quality evidence base suggests an inconsistent moderating effect of low self-control on the effectiveness of interventions to change consumption behaviours.

自我控制能力低下与饮酒、烟草和不健康食品的消费增加有关。该系统评价旨在评估自我控制方面的个体差异是否会改变干预措施以减少这些产品的消费量，从而影响它们在消费量普遍较高的人群中减少消费量的潜力。对六个数据库的搜索辅以滚雪球搜索和前向引文跟踪。叙述性综合总结了以下发现：消费行为（酒精、烟草、食物）；干预所针对的心理过程（反思性、非反思性或两者兼而有之）；和研究设计（实验、队列或横断面）。在 54 项符合条件的研究中，22 项报告没有修改证据，18 项报告干预措施对自我控制能力低的人效果较差，14 项报告称干预措施对自控力低下的人更有效。这种模式与偶然性没有什么不同。虽然自我控制经常影响干预结果，但没有一致的影响模式，即使按消费行为、干预类型或研究设计对研究进行分层。明显缺乏关于重构物理或经济环境的干预措施的证据。总之，异质、低质量的证据基础表明，低自我控制对改变消费行为的干预措施的有效性存在不一致的调节作用。即使按消费行为、干预类型或研究设计对研究进行分层。明显缺乏关于重构物理或经济环境的干预措施的证据。总之，异质、低质量的证据基础表明，低自我控制对改变消费行为的干预措施的有效性存在不一致的调节作用。即使按消费行为、干预类型或研究设计对研究进行分层。明显缺乏关于重构物理或经济环境的干预措施的证据。总之，异质、低质量的证据基础表明，低自我控制对改变消费行为的干预措施的有效性存在不一致的调节作用。