Managed and wild pollinators of different functional groups can provide pollination services in agricultural landscapes. These pollinators differ in their resource requirements and response to the amount and arrangement of different habitat types, that is, landscape composition and configuration. Most current approaches to test landscape effects on pollinators and pollination services are either applied to central individual crop fields or other landscape elements but rarely consider that pollinators depend on and make use of multiple habitat elements in an entire landscape. To capture these complex spatial and temporal interactions between different pollinators and habitat elements at the landscape scale, we propose to apply a combination of experimental and observational approaches across multiple habitat types and seasons.

不同功能组的受管和野生传粉者可以在农业景观中提供授粉服务。这些传粉媒介对资源的需求和对不同栖息地类型的数量和排列方式（即景观组成和配置）的反应不同。当前测试景观对传粉媒介和授粉服务影响的大多数方法要么应用于单个作物田或其他景观元素，但很少考虑传粉媒介在整个景观中依赖并利用多种生境元素。为了在景观尺度上捕获不同授粉媒介与栖息地元素之间的这些复杂的时空相互作用，我们建议在多种栖息地类型和季节中应用实验和观察方法的组合。