Property owners are facing increasing threats from flooding and in response are likely to turn to products designed to waterproof or ‘seal’ the outside of the building in an effort to prevent the ingress of flood water. However, very limited research has been conducted on the effect of this sealing action and the consequent hydraulic load acting upon the structure of the building. The theoretical safe application of waterproofing products has been suggested to be between 0.6 and 1 m (published guidance suggests 0.9 m), although the experimental evidence supporting these suggestions is either absent or limited in nature. This paper presents the findings of an experimental programme that has examined the effect of out-of-plane hydrostatic loading on masonry walls typical of domestic or commercial buildings. The study, conducted at 1/6th scale using a geotechnical centrifuge considers wall panels constructed from a variety of masonry units (autoclaved aerated concrete block, brick and brick-block) bound together with two different types of mortar. The wall panels were subject to an axial load representative of 1 storey of loading and were simply supported on all 4 sides. The load—out-of-plane deflection response of the panels was captured by a 3D digital image correlation system, and the water level at failure was compared to that predicted from previous research and the established yield line analysis method with encouraging results. When partial material and load factors were taken into consideration the results illustrated that a safe sealing height of 0.9 m, as quoted in the literature, would generally be inappropriate, whilst the safe sealing height of 0.6 m was not suitable for every case investigated. This supports the need for a suitable approach for the calculation of water levels at failure rather than the use of fixed values given in published literature.

中文翻译：

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单皮砌体墙体在液压荷载作用下的性能

业主正面临着越来越多的洪水威胁，作为回应，他们可能会转而使用旨在防水或“密封”建筑物外部的产品，以防止洪水进入。然而，对这种密封作用的影响以及随之而来的作用在建筑物结构上的液压载荷的研究非常有限。已建议防水产品的理论安全应用在 0.6 到 1 m 之间（已发布的指南建议为 0.9 m），尽管支持这些建议的实验证据要么不存在，要么在本质上受到限制。本文介绍了一个实验程序的结果，该程序检查了平面外静水载荷对典型住宅或商业建筑的砌体墙的影响。研究，使用岩土离心机以 1/6 比例进行，考虑了由各种砖石单元（蒸压加气混凝土块、砖块和砖块）与两种不同类型的砂浆粘合在一起的墙板。墙板承受代表 1 层荷载的轴向荷载，并在所有 4 侧进行简单支撑。面板的载荷-面外挠度响应由 3D 数字图像相关系统捕获，并将破坏时的水位与先前研究和已建立的屈服线分析方法预测的水位进行比较，结果令人鼓舞。当考虑部分材料和载荷因素时，结果表明，文献中引用的 0.9 m 的安全密封高度通常是不合适的，而安全密封高度为 0。6 m 并不适合调查的每个案例。这支持需要一种合适的方法来计算故障时的水位，而不是使用已发表文献中给出的固定值。